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The emergence of synthetic data for privacy protection, training data generation, or simply convenient access to quasi-realistic data in any shape or volume complicates the concept of ground truth. Synthetic data mimic real-world…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Dietmar Offenhuber

Despite recent advances in synthetic data generation, the scientific community still lacks a unified consensus on its usefulness. It is commonly believed that synthetic data can be used for both data exchange and boosting machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Dionysis Manousakas , Sergül Aydöre

While modern Requirements Engineering (RE) heavily relies on natural language processing and Machine Learning (ML) techniques, their effectiveness is limited by the scarcity of high-quality datasets. This paper introduces Synthline, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Abdelkarim El-Hajjami , Camille Salinesi

This study is part of a larger project focused on measuring, understanding, and improving student engagement in programming education. We investigate whether synthetic data generation can help identify at-risk students earlier in a small,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Daniel Flood , Matthew England , Beate Grawemeyer

Advances in generative models have transformed the field of synthetic image generation for privacy-preserving data synthesis (PPDS). However, the field lacks a comprehensive survey and comparison of synthetic image generation methods across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Yunsung Chung , Yunbei Zhang , Nassir Marrouche , Jihun Hamm

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has accentuated the need for diverse, high-quality pre-training data. Synthetic data emerges as a viable solution to the challenges of data scarcity and inaccessibility. While previous literature has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Hao Chen , Abdul Waheed , Xiang Li , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Bhiksha Raj , Marah I. Abdin

Machine learning development critically depends on access to high-quality data. However, increasing restrictions due to privacy, proprietary interests, and ethical concerns have created significant barriers to data accessibility. Synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ivona Krchova , Mariana Vargas Vieyra , Mario Scriminaci , Andrey Sidorenko

Machine Learning (ML) has achieved enormous success in solving a variety of problems in computer vision, speech recognition, object detection, to name a few. The principal reason for this success is the availability of huge datasets for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Efstathia Soufleri , Gobinda Saha , Kaushik Roy

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), the quality of training data has become crucial. Among the various types of training data, mathematical data plays a key role in enabling LLMs to acquire strong reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Hao Liang , Meiyi Qiang , Yuying Li , Zefeng He , Yongzhen Guo , Zhengzhou Zhu , Wentao Zhang , Bin Cui

Machine learning (ML) models frequently rely on training data that may include sensitive or personal information, raising substantial privacy concerns. Legislative frameworks such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid , Sadid Bin Hasan

Modern large language models often encode sensitive, harmful, or copyrighted knowledge, raising the need for post-hoc unlearning-the ability to remove specific domains of knowledge from a model without full retraining. A major bottleneck in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Xiaoyuan Zhu , Muru Zhang , Ollie Liu , Robin Jia , Willie Neiswanger

There is a great need for data in computing education research. Data is needed to understand how students behave, to train models of student behavior to optimally support students, and to develop and validate new assessment tools and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Juho Leinonen , Paul Denny , Olli Kiljunen , Stephen MacNeil , Sami Sarsa , Arto Hellas

Effective toxic content detection relies heavily on high-quality and diverse data, which serve as the foundation for robust content moderation models. Synthetic data has become a common approach for training models across various NLP tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Zheng Hui , Zhaoxiao Guo , Hang Zhao , Juanyong Duan , Lin Ai , Yinheng Li , Julia Hirschberg , Congrui Huang

Synthetic data has been proposed as a solution to address the issue of high-quality data scarcity in the training of large language models (LLMs). Studies have shown that synthetic data can effectively improve the performance of LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Jie Chen , Yupeng Zhang , Bingning Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen , Weipeng Chen

Synthetic datasets are important for evaluating and testing machine learning models. When evaluating real-life recommender systems, high-dimensional categorical (and sparse) datasets are often considered. Unfortunately, there are not many…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Miha Malenšek , Blaž Škrlj , Blaž Mramor , Jure Demšar

Synthetic tabular data generation has emerged as a promising method to address limited data availability and privacy concerns. With the sharp increase in the performance of large language models in recent years, researchers have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Reilly Cannon , Nicolette M. Laird , Caesar Vazquez , Andy Lin , Amy Wagler , Tony Chiang

Machine learning (ML) models rely heavily on consistent and accurate performance metrics to evaluate and compare their effectiveness. However, existing libraries often suffer from fragmentation, inconsistent implementations, and…

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a promising approach for training deep classification models using labeled and unlabeled datasets. However, existing SSL methods rely on a large unlabeled dataset, which may not always be available in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Shin'ya Yamaguchi

In the rapidly evolving era of Artificial Intelligence (AI), synthetic data are widely used to accelerate innovation while preserving privacy and enabling broader data accessibility. However, the evaluation of synthetic data remains…

Synthetic data generation is an appealing tool for augmenting and enriching datasets, playing a crucial role in advancing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Not only does synthetic data help build robust AI/ML datasets…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 José Pulido , Francesc Wilhelmi , Sergio Fortes , Alfonso Fernández-Durán , Lorenzo Galati Giordano , Raquel Barco