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Quantum error correction holds the key to scaling up quantum computers. Cosmic ray events severely impact the operation of a quantum computer by causing chip-level catastrophic errors, essentially erasing the information encoded in a chip.…

Quantum computers promise to solve certain problems exponentially faster than possible classically but are challenging to build because of their increased susceptibility to errors. Remarkably, however, it is possible to detect and correct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-24 M. D. Reed , L. DiCarlo , S. E. Nigg , L. Sun , L. Frunzio , S. M. Girvin , R. J. Schoelkopf

Quantum phase slip (QPS) is the particular manifestation of quantum fluctuations of the order parameter of a current-biased quasi-1D superconductor. The QPS event(s) can be considered a dynamic equivalent of tunneling through conventional…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-02-26 K. Yu. Arutyunov , J. S. Lehtinen , T. Rantala

Quantum error correction can preserve quantum information in the presence of local errors, but correlated errors are fatal. For superconducting qubits, high-energy particle impacts from background radioactivity produce energetic phonons…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-04 V. Iaia , J. Ku , A. Ballard , C. P. Larson , E. Yelton , C. H. Liu , S. Patel , R. McDermott , B. L. T. Plourde

We have engineered the bandgap profile of transmon qubits by combining oxygen-doped Al for tunnel junction electrodes and clean Al as quasiparticle traps to investigate energy relaxation due to quasiparticle tunneling. The relaxation time…

Identifying, quantifying, and suppressing decoherence mechanisms in qubits are important steps towards the goal of engineering a quantum computer or simulator. Superconducting circuits offer flexibility in qubit design; however, their…

Noise-biased qubits are a promising route toward significantly reducing the hardware overhead associated with quantum error correction. The squeezed cat code, a non-local encoding in phase space based on squeezed coherent states, is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Timo Hillmann , Fernando Quijandría

Quantum error correction works effectively only if the error rate of gate operations is sufficiently low. However, some rare physical mechanisms can cause a temporary increase in the error rate that affects many qubits; examples include…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-28 Shi Jie Samuel Tan , Christopher A. Pattison , Matt McEwen , John Preskill

Quantum error correction (QEC) is a crucial step towards long coherence times required for efficient quantum information processing (QIP). One major challenge in this direction concerns the fast real-time analysis of error syndrome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Joachim Cohen , Mazyar Mirrahimi

Large-scale quantum computers rely on quantum error correction to protect the fragile quantum information. Among the possible candidates of quantum computing devices, silicon-based spin qubits hold a great promise due to their compatibility…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Kenta Takeda , Akito Noiri , Takashi Nakajima , Takashi Kobayashi , Seigo Tarucha

We investigate the thermodynamic limits on scaling fault-tolerant quantum computers due to heating from quantum error correction (QEC). Quantum computers require error correction, which accounts for 99.9% of the qubit demand and generates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Mykhailo Bilokur , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Shayan Majidy

The overhead of quantum error correction (QEC) poses a major bottleneck for realizing fault-tolerant computation. To reduce this overhead, we exploit the idea of erasure qubits, relying on an efficient conversion of the dominant noise into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Shouzhen Gu , Alex Retzker , Aleksander Kubica

Superconducting quantum circuits based on Josephson junctions have made rapid progress in demonstrating quantum behavior and scalability. However, the future prospects ultimately depend upon the intrinsic coherence of Josephson junctions,…

The practical viability of any qubit technology stands on long coherence times and high-fidelity operations, with the superconducting qubit modality being a leading example. However, superconducting qubit coherence is impacted by broken…

The superconducting phase qubit combines Josephson junctions into superconducting loops and defines one of the promising solid state device implementations for quantum computing. While conventional designs are based on magnetically…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Blatter , V. B. Geshkenbein , L. Ioffe

Coherent errors in quantum operations are ubiquitous. Whether arising from spurious environmental couplings or errors in control fields, such errors can accumulate rapidly and degrade the performance of a quantum circuit significantly more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-03 Anthony M. Polloreno , Kevin C. Young

A hundred years after discovery of superconductivity, one fundamental prediction of the theory, the coherent quantum phase slip (CQPS), has not been observed. CQPS is a phenomenon exactly dual to the Josephson effect: whilst the latter is a…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-06-04 O. V. Astafiev , L. B. Ioffe , S. Kafanov , Yu. A. Pashkin , K. Yu. Arutyunov , D. Shahar , O. Cohen , J. S. Tsai

Quantum error correction is a key challenge for the development of practical quantum computers, a direction in which significant experimental progress has been made in recent years. In solid-state qubits, one of the leading information loss…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Dávid Pataki , Áron Márton , János K. Asbóth , András Pályi

Quantum error correction using erasure qubits offers higher fault-tolerant thresholds and improved scaling by converting dominant physical errors into detectable erasures. In superconducting circuits, erasure qubits can be constructed using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Bao-Jie Liu , Ying-Ying Wang , Yu-Xin Wang , Manthan Badbaria , Shruti Puri , Chen Wang