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This paper sets a theoretical foundation for the applications of the fractal interpolation functions (FIFs). We construct rational cubic spline FIFs (RCSFIFs) with quadratic denominator involving two shape parameters. The elements of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-24 S. K. Katiyar , A. K. B. Chand , Sangita Jha

Although the ``scale-free'' literature is large and growing, it gives neither a precise definition of scale-free graphs nor rigorous proofs of many of their claimed properties. In fact, it is easily shown that the existing theory has many…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Lun Li , David Alderson , Reiko Tanaka , John C. Doyle , Walter Willinger

Given an infinite iterated function system (IFS) $\mathcal{F}$, we define its dimension spectrum $D(\mathcal{F})$ to be the set of real numbers which can be realised as the dimension of some subsystem of $\mathcal{F}$. In the case where…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Natalia Jurga

Complex networks have recently attracted much attention in diverse areas of science and technology. Many networks such as the WWW and biological networks are known to display spatial heterogeneity which can be characterized by their fractal…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Dan-Ling Wang , Zu-Guo Yu , Vo Anh

We introduce differentiable indirection -- a novel learned primitive that employs differentiable multi-scale lookup tables as an effective substitute for traditional compute and data operations across the graphics pipeline. We demonstrate…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Sayantan Datta , Carl Marshall , Derek Nowrouzezahrai , Zhao Dong , Zhengqin Li

In this article, we introduce the notion of a wedge of graphs and provide detailed computations for the independence complex of a wedge of path and cycle graphs. In particular, we show that these complexes are either contractible or wedges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-20 Navnath Daundkar , Saikat Panja , Sachchidanand Prasad

Subgraphs reveal information about the geometry and functionalities of complex networks. For scale-free networks with unbounded degree fluctuations, we obtain the asymptotics of the number of times a small connected graph occurs as a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Remco van der Hofstad , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden , Clara Stegehuis

Graphs are versatile tools for representing structured data. As a result, a variety of machine learning methods have been studied for graph data analysis. Although many such learning methods depend on the measurement of differences between…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-18 Tomoki Yoshida , Ichiro Takeuchi , Masayuki Karasuyama

In this paper, we investigate a family of graphs associated to collections of arcs on surfaces. These {\it multiarc graphs} naturally interpolate between arc graphs and flip graphs, both well studied objects in low dimensional geometry and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-03-01 Hugo Parlier , Ashley Weber

We study the independence structure of finitely exchangeable distributions over random vectors and random networks. In particular, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for an exchangeable vector so that its elements are completely…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Kayvan Sadeghi

In the analysis of real-world data, extracting meaningful features from signals is a crucial task. This is particularly challenging when signals contain non-stationary frequency components. The Iterative Filtering (IF) method has proven to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Giuseppe Scarlato , Antonio Cicone , Marco Donatelli

We introduce structured decompositions, category-theoretic structures which simultaneously generalize notions from graph theory (including treewidth, layered treewidth, co-treewidth, graph decomposition width, tree independence number,…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Benjamin Merlin Bumpus , Zoltan A. Kocsis , Jade Edenstar Master , Emilio Minichiello

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning on graph-structured data, but often struggle to balance local and global information. While graph Transformers aim to address this by enabling long-range interactions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jeongwhan Choi , Seungjun Park , Sumin Park , Sung-Bae Cho , Noseong Park

To help understand the underlying mechanisms of neural networks (NNs), several groups have, in recent years, studied the number of linear regions $\ell$ of piecewise linear functions generated by deep neural networks (DNN). In particular,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Nadav Dym , Barak Sober , Ingrid Daubechies

We study locally constant skew-product maps over full shifts of finite symbols with arbitrary compact metric spaces as fiber spaces. We introduce a new criterion to determine the density of leaves of the strong unstable (and strong stable)…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-09 Pablo G. Barrientos , Joel Angel Cisneros

Fluctuations in the return time statistics of a dynamical system can be described by a new spectrum of dimensions. Comparison with the usual multifractal analysis of measures is presented, and difference between the two corresponding sets…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-07 N. Hadyn , J. Luevano , G. Mantica , S. Vaienti

We consider general integrable systems on graphs as discrete flat connections with the values in loop groups. We argue that a certain class of graphs is of a special importance in this respect, namely quad-graphs, the cellular…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander I. Bobenko , Yuri B. Suris

Expectation propagation is a general approach to fast approximate inference for graphical models. The existing literature treats models separately when it comes to deriving and coding expectation propagation inference algorithms. This comes…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-17 Wilson Y. Chen , Matt P. Wand

For a contractive iterated function system (IFS), it is known that there is a natural hyperbolic graph structure (augmented tree) on the symbolic space of the IFS that reflects the relationship among neighboring cells, and its hyperbolic…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Shi-Lei Kong , Ka-Sing Lau , Xiang-Yang Wang

Suppose a finite, unweighted, combinatorial graph $G = (V,E)$ is the union of several (degree-)regular graphs which are then additionally connected with a few additional edges. $G$ will then have only a small number of vertices $v \in V$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Tony Zeng