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Graphical user interface (GUI) agents autonomously complete tasks across platforms (\eg, Linux) by sequentially decomposing user instructions into action proposals that iteratively interact with visual elements in the evolving environment.…

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) promise human-like interaction with software applications, yet long-horizon tasks remain challenging due to memory limitations. Existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zikang Liu , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Dawei Gao , Yaliang Li , Ji-rong Wen

In numerous artificial intelligence applications, the collaborative efforts of multiple intelligent agents are imperative for the successful attainment of target objectives. To enhance coordination among these agents, a distributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Shengchao Hu , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Recent advances in deep-research systems have demonstrated the potential for AI agents to autonomously discover and synthesize knowledge from external sources. In this paper, we introduce WebResearcher, a novel framework for building such…

Modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems excel at diverse tasks, from image classification to strategy games, even outperforming humans in many of these domains. After making astounding progress in language learning in the recent decade,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Marina Dubova

Autonomous agents operating on the graphical user interfaces (GUIs) of various applications hold immense practical value. Unlike the large language model (LLM)-based methods which rely on structured texts and customized backends, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xuetian Chen , Hangcheng Li , Jiaqing Liang , Sihang Jiang , Deqing Yang

Computer-use agents (CUAs) powered by large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising approach to automating computer tasks, yet they struggle with the existing human-oriented OS interfaces - graphical user interfaces (GUIs). GUIs…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yuan Wang , Mingyu Li , Haibo Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in revolutionizing Graphical User Interface (GUI) automation. However, existing GUI models mostly rely on learning from nearly error-free offline trajectories, thus lacking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Penghao Wu , Shengnan Ma , Bo Wang , Jiaheng Yu , Lewei Lu , Ziwei Liu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding maps natural language instructions to precise interface locations for autonomous interaction. Current reinforcement learning approaches use binary rewards that treat elements as hit-or-miss targets,…

Present-day graphical user interfaces (GUIs) exhibit diverse arrangements of text, graphics, and interactive elements such as buttons and menus, but representations of GUIs have not kept up. They do not encapsulate both semantic and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Yue Jiang , Changkong Zhou , Vikas Garg , Antti Oulasvirta

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly used in a variety of domains to automate tasks, interact with users, and make decisions based on data inputs. Ensuring that AI agents perform only authorized actions and handle inputs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Nadya Abaev , Denis Klimov , Gerard Levinov , David Mimran , Yuval Elovici , Asaf Shabtai

AI agents that take actions in their environment autonomously over extended time horizons require robust governance interventions to curb their potentially consequential risks. Prior proposals for governing AI agents primarily target…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-02 K. J. Kevin Feng , Tae Soo Kim , Rock Yuren Pang , Faria Huq , Tal August , Amy X. Zhang

Autonomous agents for Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) are revolutionizing human-computer interaction, yet their reliance on text-based instructions imposes limitations on accessibility and convenience, particularly in hands-free scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Wenkang Han , Zhixiong Zeng , Jing Huang , Shu Jiang , Liming Zheng , Longrong Yang , Haibo Qiu , Chang Yao , Jingyuan Chen , Lin Ma

Recent years, multimodal models have made remarkable strides and pave the way for intelligent browser use agents. However, when solving tasks on real world webpages in multi-turn, long-horizon trajectories, current agents still suffer from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Kaiwen He , Zhiwei Wang , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu

Accurate visual understanding is imperative for advancing autonomous systems and intelligent robots. Despite the powerful capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) in processing complex visual scenes, precisely recognizing obscured or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Huaxiang Zhang , Yaojia Mu , Guo-Niu Zhu , Zhongxue Gan

Block-based programming environments such as Scratch play a central role in low-code education, yet evaluating the capabilities of AI agents to construct programs through Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) remains underexplored. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Xingyi Zhang , Yulei Ye , Kaifeng Huang , Wenhao Li , Xiangfeng Wang

The visual analytics community has long aimed to understand users better and assist them in their analytic endeavors. As a result, numerous conceptual models of visual analytics aim to formalize common workflows, techniques, and goals…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Shayan Monadjemi , Mengtian Guo , David Gotz , Roman Garnett , Alvitta Ottley

Recent advances in Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have shown remarkable progress in code generation. However, current agent methods mainly rely on text-output-based feedback (e.g. command-line outputs) for multi-round debugging and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zhilin Liu , Ye Huang , Ting Xie , Ruizhi Zhang , Wen Li , Lixin Duan

Generative AI(GenAI) is a kind of AI model capable of producing human-like content in various modalities, including text, image, audio, video, and computer programming. Although GenAI offers great potential for education, its value often…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yun Dai , Sichen Lai

The emergence of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has propelled the development of autonomous agents that operate on Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) using pure visual input. A fundamental challenge is robustly grounding natural…