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Batteryless energy harvesting IoT sensor nodes such as beat sensors can be deployed in millions without the need to replace batteries. They are ultra-low-power and cost-effective wireless sensor nodes without the maintenance cost and can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hoang-Long Pham , Duy-Hieu Bui , Xuan-Tu Tran , Orazio Aiello

Recent advances in predictive data analytics and ever growing digitalization and connectivity with explosive expansions in industrial and consumer Internet-of-Things (IoT) has raised significant concerns about security of people's…

The true random number generators (TRNGs) have received extensive attention because of their wide applications in information transmission and encryption. The true random numbers generated by TRNG are typically applied to the encryption…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Yong Yao , Xing Chen , Wang Kang , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are widely considered in secret key generation for resource constrained devices. However, PUFs require additional hardware overhead. In this paper, we focus on developing a PUF-efficient, robust, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Yonghong Bai , Zhiyuan Yan

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have become an important and promising hardware primitive for device fingerprinting, device identification, or key storage. Intrinsic PUFs leverage components already found in existing devices, unlike…

High-quality random numbers are very critical to many fields such as cryptography, finance, and scientific simulation, which calls for the design of reliable true random number generators (TRNGs). Limited by entropy source, throughput,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Siqing Fu , Tiejun Li , Chunyuan Zhang , Hanqing Li , Sheng Ma , Jianmin Zhang , Ruiyi Zhang , Lizhou Wu

We present the Random Permutation Sorting System (RPSS), a novel framework for true uniform randomness generation grounded in statistical quantum mechanics. RPSS is built on a pair of conjugate observables, the permutation count and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Randy Kuang

Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are lightweight cryptographic primitives for generating unique signatures from minuscule manufacturing variations. In this work, we present lightweight, area efficient and low power adaptive multi-bit…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Sudarshan Sharma , Dhruv Thapar , Nikhil Bhelave , Mrigank Sharad

Deterministic pseudo random number generators (PRNGs) used in generative artificial intelligence (GAI) models produce predictable patterns vulnerable to exploitation by attackers. Conventional defences against the vulnerabilities often come…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Youwei Bao , Shuhan Yang , Hyunsoo Yang

Nowadays, due to the growing phenomenon of forgery in many fields, the interest in developing new anti-counterfeiting device and cryptography keys, based on the Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) paradigm, is widely increased. PUFs are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Giuseppe Emanuele Lio , Mauro Daniel Luigi Bruno , Francesco Riboli , Sara Nocentini , Antonio Ferraro

A physical unclonable function (PUF) utilizes the unclonable random variations in a device's responses to a set of inputs to produce a unique "biometric" that can be used for authentication. The variations are caused by unpredictable,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Jacob Huber , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay

We present a practical and highly secure method for the authentication of chips based on a new concept for implementing strong Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Its qualitatively novel feature is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Alexander Spenke , Ralph Breithaupt , Rainer Plaga

This paper focuses on the design and implementation of a high-quality and high-throughput true-random number generator (TRNG) in FPGA. Various practical issues which we encountered are highlighted and the influence of the various parameters…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-06-26 Cristian Klein , Octavian Cret , Alin Suciu

In most PUF-based authentication schemes, a central server is usually engaged to verify the response of the device's PUF to challenge bit-streams. However, the server availability may be intermittent in practice. To tackle such an issue,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Mohammad Ebrahimabadi , Mohamed Younis , Wassila Lalouani , Naghmeh Karimi

In this work, we examine the potential of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) that have been implemented on NAND Flash memories using programming disturbances to act as sustainable primitives for the purposes of lightweight cryptography.…

The emerging Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junction (STT-MTJ) technology exhibits interesting stochastic behavior combined with small area and low operation energy. It is, therefore, a promising technology for security applications,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Ben Perach , Shahar Kvatinsky

Continuous advances of Information Technologies (ITs), and in particular of the RFID technologies that allow the connection between the physical world objects and the IT infrastructure, have guaranteed the improvement and efficiency of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Pino Caballero-Gil , Cándido Caballero-Gil , Jezabel Molina-Gil

In this paper, we develop an information entropy based metric that represents the statistical quality of the generated binary sequence in Truly Random Number Generators (TRNG). The metric can be used for the design and optimization of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Ahmad Beirami , Hamid Nejati , Yehia Massoud

With the widespread use of communication technologies, cryptosystems are therefore critical to guarantee security over open networks as the Internet. Pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) are fundamental in cryptosystems and information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-12-06 Jacques M. Bahi , Jean-François Couchot , Christophe Guyeux , Qianxue Wang

We provide a new provably-secure steganographic encryption protocol that is proven secure in the complexity-theoretic framework of Hopper et al. The fundamental building block of our steganographic encryption protocol is a "one-time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-09-22 Aggelos Kiayias , Yona Raekow , Alexander Russell , Narasimha Shashidhar