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We present a general framework for Private Information Retrieval (PIR) from arbitrary coded databases, that allows one to adjust the rate of the scheme according to the suspected number of colluding servers. If the storage code is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Ragnar Freij-Hollanti , Oliver Gnilke , Camilla Hollanti , David Karpuk

A 2-server Private Information Retrieval (PIR) scheme allows a user to retrieve the $i$th bit of an $n$-bit database replicated among two servers (which do not communicate) while not revealing any information about $i$ to either server. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-07-25 Zeev Dvir , Sivakanth Gopi

Private information retrieval (PIR) is the problem of retrieving as efficiently as possible, one out of $K$ messages from $N$ non-communicating replicated databases (each holds all $K$ messages) while keeping the identity of the desired…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Hua Sun , Syed A. Jafar

Private information retrieval (PIR) is a cryptographic primitive that allows a client to securely query one or multiple servers without revealing their specific interests. In spite of their strong security guarantees, current PIR…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mpoki Mwaisela , Peterson Yuhala , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Private Information Retrieval (PIR) is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that enables users to retrieve data from a database without revealing which item is being accessed, thereby preserving query privacy. However, PIR protocols also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Lin Zhu , Lingwei Kong , Xin Ning , Xiaoyang Qu , Jianzong Wang

Private Information Retrieval (PIR) schemes allow clients to retrieve files from a database without disclosing the requested file's identity to the server. In the pursuit of post-quantum security, most recent PIR schemes rely on hard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Svenja Lage , Hannes Bartz

A private information retrieval (PIR) scheme is a protocol that allows a user to retrieve a file from a database without revealing the identity of the desired file to a curious database. Given a distributed data storage system, efficient…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Camilla Hollanti , Neehar Verma

Federated learning systems that jointly preserve Byzantine robustness and privacy have remained an open problem. Robust aggregation, the standard defense for Byzantine attacks, generally requires server access to individual updates or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Raj Kiriti Velicheti , Derek Xia , Oluwasanmi Koyejo

Byzantine reliable broadcast is a fundamental primitive in distributed systems that allows a set of processes to agree on a message broadcast by a dedicated process, even when some of them are malicious (Byzantine). It guarantees that no…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Veronika Anikina , João Paulo Bezerra , Petr Kuznetsov , Liron Schiff , Stefan Schmid

We consider the problem of designing private information retrieval (PIR) schemes on data of $m$ files replicated on $n$ servers that can possibly collude. We focus on devising robust PIR schemes that can tolerate stragglers, i.e., slow or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Rawad Bitar , Salim El Rouayheb

Private information retrieval (PIR) protocols make it possible to retrieve a file from a database without disclosing any information about the identity of the file being retrieved. These protocols have been rigorously explored from an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Hsuan-Yin Lin , Siddhartha Kumar , Eirik Rosnes , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Eitan Yaakobi

Distributed learning has many computational benefits but is vulnerable to attacks from a subset of devices transmitting incorrect information. This paper investigates Byzantine-resilient algorithms in a decentralized setting, where devices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Renaud Gaucher , Aymeric Dieuleveut , Hadrien Hendrikx

We consider the problem of private information retrieval (PIR) where a single user with private side information aims to retrieve multiple files from a library stored (uncoded) at a number of servers. We assume the side information at the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Seyed Pooya Shariatpanahi , Mahdi Jafari Siavoshani , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

Private information retrieval (PIR) is the problem of privately retrieving one out of $M$ original files from $N$ severs, i.e., each individual server learns nothing about the file that the user is requesting. Usually, the $M$ files are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Jie Li , David Karpuk , Camilla Hollanti

Private Information Retrieval (PIR), despite being well studied, is computationally costly and arduous to scale. We explore lower-cost relaxations of information-theoretic PIR, based on dummy queries, sparse vectors, and compositions with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-04-04 Raphael R. Toledo , George Danezis , Ian Goldberg

Decentralized Storage Networks (DSNs) are emerging as a foundational infrastructure for Web 3.0, offering global peer-to-peer storage. However, a critical vulnerability persists: user privacy during file retrieval remains largely…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jiahao Zhang , Minghui Xu , Hechuan Guo , Xiuzhen Cheng

Private information retrieval (PIR) protocols allow a user to retrieve a data item from a database without revealing any information about the identity of the item being retrieved. Specifically, in information-theoretic $k$-server PIR, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-26 Arman Fazeli , Alexander Vardy , Eitan Yaakobi

Numerous distributed tasks have to be handled in a setting where a fraction of nodes behaves Byzantine, that is, deviates arbitrarily from the intended protocol. Resilient, deterministic protocols rely on the detection of majorities to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Philipp Schneider

Privacy and Byzantine resilience are two indispensable requirements for a federated learning (FL) system. Although there have been extensive studies on privacy and Byzantine security in their own track, solutions that consider both remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zihang Xiang , Tianhao Wang , Wanyu Lin , Di Wang

There has been much recent interest in Private information Retrieval (PIR) in models where a database is stored across several servers using coding techniques from distributed storage, rather than being simply replicated. In particular, a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Simon Blackburn , Tuvi Etzion