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Large language models (LLMs) often struggle to provide up-to-date information due to their one-time training and the constantly evolving nature of the world. To keep LLMs current, existing approaches typically involve continued pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Xiaoying Zhang , Baolin Peng , Ye Tian , Jingyan Zhou , Yipeng Zhang , Haitao Mi , Helen Meng

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate, impeding their reliability in mission-critical situations. One approach to address this issue is to provide citations to relevant sources alongside generated content, enhancing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Rami Aly , Zhiqiang Tang , Samson Tan , George Karypis

Pre-trained and fine-tuned transformer models like BERT and T5 have improved the state of the art in ad-hoc retrieval and question-answering, but not as yet in high-recall information retrieval, where the objective is to retrieve…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Nima Sadri , Gordon V. Cormack

Accurate parsing of citations is necessary for machine-readable scholarly infrastructure. But, despite sustained interest in this problem, existing evaluation techniques are often not generalizable, based on synthetic data, or not publicly…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Parth Sarin , Juan Pablo Alperin , Adam Buttrick , Dione Mentis

Model editing aims to correct outdated or erroneous knowledge in large language models (LLMs) without the need for costly retraining. Lifelong model editing is the most challenging task that caters to the continuous editing requirements of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Qizhou Chen , Taolin Zhang , Xiaofeng He , Dongyang Li , Chengyu Wang , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue

Large language models (LLMs) bring unprecedented flexibility in defining and executing complex, creative natural language generation (NLG) tasks. Yet, this flexibility brings new challenges, as it introduces new degrees of freedom in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Furkan Şahinuç , Ilia Kuznetsov , Yufang Hou , Iryna Gurevych

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their ability to learn in-context, allowing them to perform various tasks based on a few input-output examples. However, the effectiveness of in-context learning is heavily reliant on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Furu Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in open-ended text generation tasks. However, the inherent open-ended nature of these tasks implies that there is always room for improvement in the quality of model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Ziqi Wang , Le Hou , Tianjian Lu , Yuexin Wu , Yunxuan Li , Hongkun Yu , Heng Ji

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable performance across various NLP tasks. However, they often generate incorrect or hallucinated information, which hinders their practical applicability in real-world scenarios. Human feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Wenhao Yu , Zhihan Zhang , Zhenwen Liang , Meng Jiang , Ashish Sabharwal

The advanced capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have inspired the development of various interactive web services or applications, such as ChatGPT, which offer query inference services for users. Unlike traditional DNN model, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Peizhuang Cong , Qizhi Chen , Haochen Zhao , Tong Yang

Citation networks are critical in modern science, and predicting which previous papers (candidates) will a new paper (query) cite is a critical problem. However, the roles of a paper's citations vary significantly, ranging from foundational…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Qianyue Hao , Jingyang Fan , Fengli Xu , Jian Yuan , Yong Li

Pretrained large Language Models (LLMs) are able to answer questions that are unlikely to have been encountered during training. However a diversity of potential applications exist in the broad domain of reasoning systems and considerations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Tim Hartill

Despite growing interest in using large language models (LLMs) to automate annotation, their effectiveness in complex, nuanced, and multi-dimensional labelling tasks remains relatively underexplored. This study focuses on annotation for the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Leila Tavakoli , Hamed Zamani

Referring Expression Comprehension and Segmentation are critical tasks for assessing the integration of language understanding and image comprehension, serving as benchmarks for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) capabilities. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qihua Dong , Luis Figueroa , Handong Zhao , Kushal Kafle , Jason Kuen , Zhihong Ding , Scott Cohen , Yun Fu

Evidence plays a crucial role in automated fact-checking. When verifying real-world claims, existing fact-checking systems either assume the evidence sentences are given or use the search snippets returned by the search engine. Such methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xuming Hu , Junzhe Chen , Zhijiang Guo , Philip S. Yu

The popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) have unleashed a new age ofLanguage Agents for solving a diverse range of tasks. While contemporary frontier LLMs are capable enough to power reasonably good Language agents, the closed-API…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Priyanshu Gupta , Shashank Kirtania , Ananya Singha , Sumit Gulwani , Arjun Radhakrishna , Sherry Shi , Gustavo Soares

Attributing answers to source documents is an approach used to enhance the verifiability of a model's output in retrieval augmented generation (RAG). Prior work has mainly focused on improving and evaluating the attribution quality of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Amin Abolghasemi , Leif Azzopardi , Seyyed Hadi Hashemi , Maarten de Rijke , Suzan Verberne

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential to accelerate systematic literature reviews (SLRs), yet current approaches often rely on brittle, manually crafted prompts that compromise reliability and reproducibility. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Teo Susnjak

Auditing language-model outputs often requires more than judging correctness: an auditor may need to identify which source document most likely supports the knowledge expressed in a response. We study this as pinpoint provenance: given a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xiaomin Li , Andrzej Banburski-Fahey , Jaron Lanier

Recent studies show that the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be improved by applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to question-answering (QA) tasks in areas such as math and coding. With a long context length, LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Stephen Chung , Wenyu Du , Jie Fu