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Monitoring is a runtime verification technique that allows one to check whether an ongoing computation of a system (partial trace) satisfies a given formula. It does not need a complete model of the system, but it typically requires the…

Compiler correctness is, in its simplest form, defined as the inclusion of the set of traces of the compiled program into the set of traces of the original program, which is equivalent to the preservation of all trace properties. Here…

Background. Coping with the rapid growing complexity in contemporary software architecture, tracing has become an increasingly critical practice and been adopted widely by software engineers. By adopting tracing tools, practitioners are…

Outlier detection and cleaning are essential steps in data preprocessing to ensure the integrity and validity of data analyses. This paper focuses on outlier points within individual trajectories, i.e., points that deviate significantly…

The process of writing code and use of features in an integrated development environment (IDE) is a fruitful source of data in computing education research. Existing studies use records of students' actions in the IDE, consecutive code…

Prior studies show that the key to face anti-spoofing lies in the subtle image pattern, termed "spoof trace", e.g., color distortion, 3D mask edge, Moire pattern, and many others. Designing a generic anti-spoofing model to estimate those…

Context: Developing compilers and static analysis tools ("language tools") is a difficult and time-consuming task. We have previously presented *property probes*, a technique to help the language tool developer build understanding of their…

Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) enable a wide range of applications but raise ethical concerns regarding illegal utilization. Adding watermarks to generative model outputs is a vital technique employed for copyright tracking and mitigating…

Tracing the source of research papers is a fundamental yet challenging task for researchers. The billion-scale citation relations between papers hinder researchers from understanding the evolution of science efficiently. To date, there is…

The problems of estimating the similarity index of mathematical and other scientific publications containing equations and formulas are discussed for the first time. It is shown that the presence of equations and formulas (as well as…

In programming education, teachers need to monitor and assess the progress of their students by investigating the code they write. Code quality of programs written in traditional programming languages can be automatically assessed with…

Code cloning is not only assumed to inflate maintenance costs but also considered defect-prone as inconsistent changes to code duplicates can lead to unexpected behavior. Consequently, the identification of duplicated code, clone detection,…

Software clones are beneficial to detect security gaps and software maintenance in one programming language or across multiple languages. The existing work on source clone detection performs well but in a single programming language.…

Numerical stability is a crucial requirement of reliable scientific computing. However, despite the pervasiveness of Python in data science, analyzing large Python programs remains challenging due to the lack of scalable numerical analysis…

Finding and fixing errors is a time-consuming task not only for novice programmers but also for expert programmers. Prior work has identified frequent error patterns among various levels of programmers. However, the differences in the…

The assessment of source code in university education is a central and important task for lecturers of programming courses. In doing so, educators are confronted with growing numbers of students having increasingly diverse prerequisites, a…

Copy & paste is a widespread practice when developing software and, thus, duplicated and subsequently modified code occurs frequently in software projects. Since such code clones, i.e., identical or similar fragments of code, can bloat…

Given the availability of large source-code repositories, there has been a large number of applications for large-scale clone detection. Unfortunately, despite a decade of active research, there is a marked lack in clone detectors that…

In this work, we developed an algorithm for detecting code quality issues in the templates of online programming tasks, validated it, and conducted an empirical study on the dataset of student solutions. The algorithm consists of analyzing…

AI-generated text detection has attracted increasing attention as powerful language models approach human-level generation. Limited work is devoted to detecting (partially) AI-paraphrased texts. However, AI paraphrasing is commonly employed…