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Before 2020, the way occupants utilized the built environment had been changing slowly towards scenarios in which occupants have more choice and flexibility in where and how they work. The global COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-05-02 Martín Mosteiro-Romero , Clayton Miller , Adrian Chong , Rudi Stouffs

The past decade has seen a massive rise in the popularity of AI systems, mainly owing to the developments in Gen AI, which has revolutionized numerous industries and applications. However, this progress comes at a considerable cost to the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shyam Agarwal , Mahasweta Chakraborti

We introduce the Economic Productivity of Energy (EPE), GDP generated per unit of energy consumed, as a quantitative lens to assess the sustainability of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) revolution. Historical evidence shows that the first…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-04 Pierluigi Contucci , Godwin Osabutey , Filippo Zimmaro

The automation and digitalization of business processes has resulted in large amounts of data captured in information systems, which can aid businesses in understanding their processes better, improve workflows, or provide operational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Timo Rohrer , Anahita Farhang Ghahfarokhi , Mohamed Behery , Gerhard Lakemeyer , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

The widespread adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) comes with a significant environmental impact, particularly in terms of energy consumption and carbon emissions. This pressing issue highlights the need for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Mattia Sabella , Monica Vitali

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have found industrial applications in various fields. AI systems typically possess complex software and heterogeneous CPU/GPU hardware architecture, making it difficult to answer…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Vyacheslav Zhdanovskiy , Lev Teplyakov , Anton Grigoryev

The substantial increase in AI model training has considerable environmental implications, mandating more energy-efficient and sustainable AI practices. On the one hand, data-centric approaches show great potential towards training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Mohammed Alswaitti , Roberto Verdecchia , Grégoire Danoy , Pascal Bouvry , Johnatan Pecero

A network-based optimization approach, EEE, is proposed for the purpose of providing validation-viable state estimations to remediate the failure of pretrained models. To improve optimization efficiency and convergence, the most important…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Ruiyuan Kang , Dimitrios Kyritsis , Panos Liatsis

Reducing energy consumption is a key focus for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) development. The popular vehicle dynamic model used in many energy management optimization studies does not capture the vehicle dynamics that the in-vehicle…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Di Zhu , Ewan Pritchard , Sumanth Reddy Dadam , Vivek Kumar , Yang Xu

This paper examines how investment in environmentally sustainable practices impacts employment and labor productivity growth of firms in transition economies. The study considers labor skill composition and geographical differences,…

General Economics · Economics 2023-10-31 Marjan Petreski , Stefan Tanevski , Irena Stojmenovska

Merchant shipping is responsible for more than 90% of the global trade and has a significant environmental impact, accounting for over 2% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, fuel-saving measures are becoming increasingly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-12 Malte Loft , Henning Schwarz , Thomas Rung

The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) has significantly transformed logistics and supply chain management, particularly in the pursuit of sustainability and eco-efficiency. This study explores…

We propose an evolutionary competition model to investigate the green transition of firms, highlighting the role of adjustment costs, dynamically adjusted transition risk, and green technology progress in this process. Firms base their…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-10-29 Davide Radi , Frank Westerhoff

Based on the knowledge of dynamic systems, the shorter the transient response, or the faster a system reaches the steady-state after the introduction of the change, the smaller will be the output variability. In lean manufacturing, the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Ricardo Antunes , Vicente González , Kenneth Walsh

Planning the defossilization of energy systems by facilitating high penetration of renewables and maintaining access to abundant and affordable primary energy resources is a nontrivial multi-objective problem. However, so far, most…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-08 Jonathan Dumas , Antoine Dubois , Paolo Thiran , Pierre Jacques , Francesco Contino , Bertrand Cornélusse , Gauthier Limpens

This paper examines the organizational implications of Generative AI adoption in software engineering through a multiple-case comparative study. We contrast two development environments: a traditional enterprise (brownfield) and an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chi Zhang , Zehan Li , Ziqian Zhong , Haibing Ma , Dan Xiao , Chen Lin , Ming Dong

This study presents a systematic literature review of software-level approaches to energy efficiency in robotics published from 2020 through 2024, updating and extending pre-2020 evidence. An automated-but-audited pipeline combined Google…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Aryan Gupta

Language Models are increasingly applied in software engineering, yet their inference raises growing environmental concerns. Prior work has examined hardware choices and prompt length, but little attention has been paid to linguistic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Vincenzo De Martino , Mohammad Amin Zadenoori , Xavier Franch , Alessio Ferrari

The immense technological progress in artificial intelligence research and applications is increasingly drawing attention to the environmental sustainability of such systems, a field that has been termed Green AI. With this contribution we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Christian Clemm , Lutz Stobbe , Kishan Wimalawarne , Jan Druschke

This paper experimentally demonstrates the effectiveness of an anticipative car-following algorithm in reducing energy use of gasoline engine and electric Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV), without sacrificing safety and traffic flow.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-18 Tyler Ard , Longxiang Guo , Robert Austin Dollar , Alireza Fayazi , Nathan Goulet , Yunyi Jia , Beshah Ayalew , Ardalan Vahidi