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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense utility across various industries. However, as LLMs advance, the risk of harmful outputs increases due to incorrect or malicious instruction prompts. While current methods effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Xinyi Zeng , Yuying Shang , Jiawei Chen , Jingyuan Zhang , Yu Tian

Pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) exhibits broad capabilities, yet, for specific tasks or domains their attainment of higher accuracy and more reliable reasoning generally depends on post-training through Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Haitao Jiang , Wenbo Zhang , Jiarui Yao , Hengrui Cai , Sheng Wang , Rui Song

Privacy-sensitive users require deploying large language models (LLMs) within their own infrastructure (on-premises) to safeguard private data and enable customization. However, vulnerabilities in local environments can lead to unauthorized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Hanbo Huang , Yihan Li , Bowen Jiang , Bo Jiang , Lin Liu , Ruoyu Sun , Zhuotao Liu , Shiyu Liang

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) of the language backbone plays a pivotal role in adapting Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to specialized domains such as medical reasoning. However, existing SFT practices often rely on unfiltered textual datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xinlin Zhuang , Feilong Tang , Haolin Yang , Xiwei Liu , Ming Hu , Huifa Li , Haochen Xue , Junjun He , Zongyuan Ge , Yichen Li , Ying Qian , Imran Razzak

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) is crucial not only for unlocking their potential in specific tasks but also for ensuring that responses meet human expectations and adhere to safety and ethical principles. Current alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ruijun Chen , Jiehao Liang , Shiping Gao , Fanqi Wan , Xiaojun Quan

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), jailbreak attacks have become an increasingly pressing safety concern. While safety-aligned LLMs can effectively defend against normal harmful queries, they remain vulnerable to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Yu Li , Han Jiang , Zhihua Wei

Supervised Finetuning (SFT) has become one of the primary methods for adapting a large language model (LLM) with extensive pre-trained knowledge to domain-specific, instruction-following tasks. SFT datasets, composed of instruction-response…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Sae Furukawa , Alina Oprea

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted across domains such as education, healthcare, and finance. In healthcare, LLMs support tasks including disease diagnosis, abnormality classification, and clinical decision-making. Among…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Payel Bhattacharjee , Fengwei Tian , Geoffrey D. Rubin , Joseph Y. Lo , Nirav Merchant , Heidi Hanson , John Gounley , Ravi Tandon

Scaling laws have emerged as important components of large language model (LLM) training as they can predict performance gains through scale, and provide guidance on important hyper-parameter choices that would otherwise be expensive. LLMs…

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) accelerates taskspecific large language models (LLMs) development, but the resulting proliferation of finetuned models incurs substantial memory overhead. Delta compression addresses this by retaining a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junlin Li , Shuangyong Song , Guodong Du , Ngai Wong , Xuebo Liu , Yongxiang Li , Min Zhang , Jing Li , Xuelong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become the predominant paradigm in NLP, advancing both research and industry. As model sizes and pretraining data grow, concerns about Pretraining Data Exposure (PDE) increase due to the scale and opacity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ziyi Tong , Feifei Sun , Le Minh Nguyen

Graph data contains rich node features and unique edge information, which have been applied across various domains, such as citation networks or recommendation systems. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are specialized for handling such data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Faqian Guan , Tianqing Zhu , Hui Sun , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced instruction-following capabilities. However, most Instruction Fine-Tuning (IFT) datasets are predominantly in English, limiting model performance in other languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Sathish Reddy Indurthi , Wenxuan Zhou , Shamil Chollampatt , Ravi Agrawal , Kaiqiang Song , Lingxiao Zhao , Chenguang Zhu

Harnessing the power of human-annotated data through Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is pivotal for advancing Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, we delve into the prospect of growing a strong LLM out of a weak one without the need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zixiang Chen , Yihe Deng , Huizhuo Yuan , Kaixuan Ji , Quanquan Gu

We propose DISC-MedLLM, a comprehensive solution that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to provide accurate and truthful medical response in end-to-end conversational healthcare services. To construct high-quality Supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Zhijie Bao , Wei Chen , Shengze Xiao , Kuang Ren , Jiaao Wu , Cheng Zhong , Jiajie Peng , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

The distributed (federated) LLM is an important method for co-training the domain-specific LLM using siloed data. However, maliciously stealing model parameters and data from the server or client side has become an urgent problem to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Wei Huang , Yinggui Wang , Anda Cheng , Aihui Zhou , Chaofan Yu , Lei Wang

Log Anomaly Detection (LAD) seeks to identify atypical patterns in log data that are crucial to assessing the security and condition of systems. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown tremendous success in various fields, the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ying Fu Lim , Jiawen Zhu , Guansong Pang

Data selection during supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can critically change the behavior of large language models (LLMs). Although existing work has studied the effect of selecting data based on heuristics such as perplexity, difficulty, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Siyuan Liu , Tinghong Chen , Xinghan Li , Yifei Wang , Jingzhao Zhang

Large Language Models are typically trained on datasets collected from the web, which may inadvertently contain harmful or sensitive personal information. To address growing privacy concerns, unlearning methods have been proposed to remove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiaoyu Wu , Yifei Pang , Terrance Liu , Zhiwei Steven Wu

The surge in interest and application of large language models (LLMs) has sparked a drive to fine-tune these models to suit specific applications, such as finance and medical science. However, concerns regarding data privacy have emerged,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Xiao-Yang Liu , Rongyi Zhu , Daochen Zha , Jiechao Gao , Shan Zhong , Matt White , Meikang Qiu