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Computer-Use Agents (CUAs) with full system access enable powerful task automation but pose significant security and privacy risks due to their ability to manipulate files, access user data, and execute arbitrary commands. While prior work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tri Cao , Bennett Lim , Yue Liu , Yuan Sui , Yuexin Li , Shumin Deng , Lin Lu , Nay Oo , Shuicheng Yan , Bryan Hooi

LLM-based web agents show immense promise for information seeking, yet their effectiveness on long-horizon tasks is hindered by a fundamental trade-off in context management. Prevailing ReAct-based agents suffer from context saturation as…

Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM)-based frameworks have extended their capabilities to complex real-world applications, such as interactive web navigation. These systems, driven by user commands, navigate web browsers to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Nalin Tiwary , Vardhan Dongre , Sanil Arun Chawla , Ashwin Lamani , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Large Language Models (LLMs) deployed in enterprise settings (e.g., as Microsoft 365 Copilot) face novel security challenges. One critical threat is prompt inference attacks: adversaries chain together seemingly benign prompts to gradually…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Andrii Balashov , Olena Ponomarova , Xiaohua Zhai

Modern web test suites rot. A UI refactor breaks locators, a timing change causes race conditions, and within weeks developers abandon the suite entirely. This paper presents an AI-driven autonomous testing framework that addresses these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Vinil Pasupuleti , Siva Rama Krishna Varma Bayyavarapu , Shrey Tyagi

Large Language Model (LLM) agents struggle with long-horizon software engineering tasks due to "Context Bloat." As interaction history grows, computational costs explode, latency increases, and reasoning capabilities degrade due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Nikhil Verma

Over the past decades, superplatforms, digital companies that integrate a vast range of third-party services and applications into a single, unified ecosystem, have built their fortunes on monopolizing user attention through targeted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jianghao Lin , Jiachen Zhu , Zheli Zhou , Yunjia Xi , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

Despite their growing adoption across domains, large language model (LLM)-powered agents face significant security risks from backdoor attacks during training and fine-tuning. These compromised agents can subsequently be manipulated to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Li Changjiang , Liang Jiacheng , Cao Bochuan , Chen Jinghui , Wang Ting

While Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in real-world applications, they remain vulnerable to prompt injection attacks: malicious third party prompts that subvert the intent of the system designer. To help researchers…

Large Language Models (LLMs), renowned for their superior proficiency in language comprehension and generation, stimulate a vibrant ecosystem of applications around them. However, their extensive assimilation into various services…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Kailong Wang , Zihao Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Yepang Liu , Haoyu Wang , Yan Zheng , Leo Yu Zhang , Yang Liu

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate over long and recurring external contexts, like document corpora and code repositories. Across invocations, existing approaches preserve either the agent's trajectory, passive access to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Zhuohan Gu , Qizheng Zhang , Omar Khattab , Samuel Madden

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into wearable sensing is creating a new class of mobile applications capable of nuanced human activity understanding. However, the reliability of these systems is critically undermined by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yihan Wang , Huanqi Yang , Shantanu Pal , Weitao Xu

The emergence of LLM (Large Language Model) integrated virtual assistants has brought about a rapid transformation in communication dynamics. During virtual assistant development, some developers prefer to leverage the system message, also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Chun Fai Chan , Daniel Wankit Yip , Aysan Esmradi

Driven by the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents have been developed to handle various real-world applications, including finance, healthcare, and shopping, etc. It is crucial to ensure the reliability and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Wenkai Yang , Xiaohan Bi , Yankai Lin , Sishuo Chen , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

Following the advancement of large language models (LLMs), the development of LLM-based autonomous agents has become increasingly prevalent. As a result, the need to understand the security vulnerabilities of these agents has become a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Itay Nakash , George Kour , Guy Uziel , Ateret Anaby-Tavor

Recent advances have enabled LLM-powered AI agents to autonomously execute complex tasks by combining language model reasoning with tools, memory, and web access. But can these systems be trusted to follow deployment policies in realistic…

AI agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where malicious content hijacks agent behavior to steal credentials or cause financial loss. The only known robust defense is architectural isolation that strictly separates trusted task…

While large language model (LLM) agents can effectively use external tools for complex real-world tasks, they require memory systems to leverage historical experiences. Current memory systems enable basic storage and retrieval but lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Wujiang Xu , Zujie Liang , Kai Mei , Hang Gao , Juntao Tan , Yongfeng Zhang
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