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Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, growing concerns have emerged over the misuse of sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful data during training. To address these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jie Ren , Zhenwei Dai , Xianfeng Tang , Yue Xing , Shenglai Zeng , Hui Liu , Jingying Zeng , Qiankun Peng , Samarth Varshney , Suhang Wang , Qi He , Charu C. Aggarwal , Hui Liu

Machine unlearning empowers individuals with the `right to be forgotten' by removing their private or sensitive information encoded in machine learning models. However, it remains uncertain whether MU can be effectively applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Jiaqi Li , Qianshan Wei , Chuanyi Zhang , Guilin Qi , Miaozeng Du , Yongrui Chen , Sheng Bi , Fan Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve remarkable capabilities but can inadvertently memorize privacy-sensitive information. Although existing unlearning methods can remove such knowledge, they fail to achieve benign forgetting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zhen Zeng , Leijiang Gu , Zhangling Duan , Feng Li , Zenglin Shi , Cees G. M. Snoek , Meng Wang

Machine Unlearning (MU) technology facilitates the removal of the influence of specific data instances from trained models on request. Despite rapid advancements in MU technology, its vulnerabilities are still underexplored, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zhihao Sui , Liang Hu , Jian Cao , Dora D. Liu , Usman Naseem , Zhongyuan Lai , Qi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) inevitably memorize sensitive information during training, posing significant privacy risks. Machine unlearning has emerged as a promising solution to selectively remove such information without full retraining.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuze Wang , Yujia Tong , Xuan Liu , Junhao Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) embed sensitive, human-generated data, prompting the need for unlearning methods. Although certified unlearning offers strong privacy guarantees, its restrictive assumptions make it unsuitable for LLMs, giving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rongzhe Wei , Mufei Li , Mohsen Ghassemi , Eleonora Kreačić , Yifan Li , Xiang Yue , Bo Li , Vamsi K. Potluru , Pan Li , Eli Chien

LLMs trained on massive datasets may inadvertently acquire sensitive information such as personal details and potentially harmful content. This risk is further heightened in multimodal LLMs as they integrate information from multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Vaidehi Patil , Yi-Lin Sung , Peter Hase , Jie Peng , Tianlong Chen , Mohit Bansal

LLM have achieved success in many fields but still troubled by problematic content in the training corpora. LLM unlearning aims at reducing their influence and avoid undesirable behaviours. However, existing unlearning methods remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hongbang Yuan , Zhuoran Jin , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in safety-critical and regulated sectors, the retention of sensitive or prohibited knowledge introduces escalating risks, ranging from privacy leakage to regulatory non-compliance to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Taozhao Chen , Linghan Huang , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Huaming Chen

Language Models (LMs) are prone to ''memorizing'' training data, including substantial sensitive user information. To mitigate privacy risks and safeguard the right to be forgotten, machine unlearning has emerged as a promising approach for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Jiacheng Du , Zhibo Wang , Jie Zhang , Xiaoyi Pang , Jiahui Hu , Kui Ren

Large language model (LLM) unlearning aims to remove specific data influences from pre-trained model without costly retraining, addressing privacy, copyright, and safety concerns. However, recent studies reveal a critical vulnerability:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zeguan Xiao , Xuanzhe Xu , Yun Chen , Yong Wang , Jian Yang , Yanqing Hu , Guanhua Chen

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across various applications, privacy and copyright concerns have heightened the need for more effective LLM unlearning techniques. Many existing unlearning methods aim to suppress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tomoya Yamashita , Akira Ito , Yuuki Yamanaka , Masanori Yamada , Takayuki Miura , Toshiki Shibahara

Large language models trained on web-scale data can memorize private or sensitive knowledge, raising significant privacy risks. Although some unlearning methods mitigate these risks, they remain vulnerable to "relearning" during subsequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Nakyeong Yang , Dong-Kyum Kim , Jea Kwon , Minsung Kim , Kyomin Jung , Meeyoung Cha

The undesired memorization of sensitive information by Large Language Models (LLMs) has emphasized the need for safety mechanisms that can regulate model behavior. This has led to the development of machine unlearning techniques that enable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Anu Agarwal , Mihir Pamnani , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

The security of biomedical Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has attracted increasing attention. However, training samples easily contain private information and incorrect knowledge that are difficult to detect, potentially leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dunyuan Xu , Xikai Yang , Yaoqian Li , Jinpeng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning has recently gained significant attention, driven by the need to remove unwanted information, such as private, sensitive, or copyrighted content, from LLMs. However, conventional unlearning approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yixin Wan , Anil Ramakrishna , Kai-Wei Chang , Volkan Cevher , Rahul Gupta

Machine unlearning for large language models often faces a privacy dilemma in which strict constraints prohibit sharing either the server's parameters or the client's forget set. To address this dual non-disclosure constraint, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tiantong Wang , Xinyu Yan , Tiantong Wu , Yurong Hao , Pengjun Xie , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but raise ethical and security concerns by memorizing sensitive data, reinforcing biases, and producing harmful content. These risks have spurred interest in LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Changsheng Wang , Yihua Zhang , Dennis Wei , Jinghan Jia , Pin-Yu Chen , Sijia Liu

Machine unlearning (MU) for large language models (LLMs), commonly referred to as LLM unlearning, seeks to remove specific undesirable data or knowledge from a trained model, while maintaining its performance on standard tasks. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiwei Chen , Soumyadeep Pal , Yimeng Zhang , Qing Qu , Sijia Liu

As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) develop, their potential security issues have become increasingly prominent. Machine Unlearning (MU), as an effective strategy for forgetting specific knowledge in training data, has been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Junkai Chen , Zhijie Deng , Kening Zheng , Yibo Yan , Shuliang Liu , PeiJun Wu , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Xuming Hu
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