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The essential insight of quantum error correction was that quantum information can be protected by suitably encoding this quantum information across multiple independently erred quantum systems. Recently it was realized that, since the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dave Bacon , Andrea Casaccino

Many current quantum error-correcting codes that achieve full fault tolerance suffer from having low ratios of logical to physical qubits and significant overhead. This makes them difficult to implement on current noisy intermediate-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Christopher Gerhard , Todd A. Brun

The error correcting capabilities of the Calderbank-Shor-Steane [[7,1,3]] quantum code, together with a fault-tolerant syndrome extraction by means of several ancilla states, have been numerically studied. A simple probability expression to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pedro J. Salas

By taking into account the physical nature of quantum errors it is possible to improve the efficiency of quantum error correction. Here we consider an optimisation to conventional quantum error correction which involves exploiting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-26 Z. W. E. Evans , A. M. Stephens , J. H. Cole , L. C. L. Hollenberg

Achieving industrial quantum advantage is unlikely without the use of quantum error correction (QEC). Other QEC codes beyond surface code are being experimentally studied, such as color codes and quantum Low-Density Parity Check (qLDPC)…

The performance of a quantum error-correction process is determined by the likelihood that a random configuration of errors introduced to the system will lead to the corruption of encoded logical information. In this work we compare two…

Noise rates in quantum computing experiments have dropped dramatically, but reliable qubits remain precious. Fault-tolerance schemes with minimal qubit overhead are therefore essential. We introduce fault-tolerant error-correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-06 Rui Chao , Ben W. Reichardt

Quantum error correction is crucial for any quantum computing platform to achieve truly scalable quantum computation. The surface code and its variants have been considered the most promising quantum error correction scheme due to their…

Hybrid quantum systems seek to combine the strength of its constituents to master the fundamental conflicting requirements of quantum technology: fast and accurate systems control together with perfect shielding from the environment,…

Quantum error correction is expected to be essential in large-scale quantum technologies. However, the substantial overhead of qubits it requires is thought to greatly limit its utility in smaller, near-term devices. Here we introduce a new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-20 David Layden , Mo Chen , Paola Cappellaro

In classical case there is simplest method of error correction with using three equal bits instead of one. In the paper is shown, how the scheme fails for quantum error correction with complex vector spaces of usual quantum mechanics, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Yu. Vlasov

Fault-tolerant operations based on stabilizer codes are the state of the art in suppressing error rates in quantum computations. Most such codes do not permit a straightforward implementation of non-Clifford logical operations, which are…

We propose an autonomous quantum error correction scheme using squeezed cat (SC) code against the dominant error source, excitation loss, in continuous-variable systems. Through reservoir engineering, we show that a structured dissipation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Qian Xu , Guo Zheng , Yu-Xin Wang , Peter Zoller , Aashish A. Clerk , Liang Jiang

Semiconductor spin qubits are an attractive quantum computing platform that offers long qubit coherence times and compatibility with existing semiconductor fabrication technology for scale up. Here, we propose a spin-qubit architecture…

Quantum computing can become scalable through error correction, but logical error rates only decrease with system size when physical errors are sufficiently uncorrelated. During computation, unused high energy levels of the qubits can…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for realizing scalable quantum computation. However, when evaluating its benefits, most analyses assume idealized components, overlooking the imperfections inherent in realistic fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Lorenzo Valentini , Diego Forlivesi , Marco Chiani

Recent advances in quantum error correction (QEC) codes for fault-tolerant quantum computing \cite{Terhal2015} and physical realizations of high-fidelity qubits in a broad range of platforms \cite{Kok2007, Brown2011, Barends2014,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-18 M. Veldhorst , H. G. J. Eenink , C. H. Yang , A. S. Dzurak

We analyze the latency of fault-tolerant quantum computing based on the 9-qubit Bacon-Shor code using a local, two-dimensional architecture. We embed the data qubits in a 7 by 7 array of physical qubits, where the extra qubits are used for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-29 Federico M. Spedalieri , Vwani P. Roychowdhury

In the shallow sub-threshold regime, fault-tolerant quantum computation requires a tremendous amount of qubits. In this paper, we study the error correction in the deep sub-threshold regime. We estimate the physical error rate for achieving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Dawei Jiao , Ying Li

An efficient coding circuit is given for the perfect quantum error correction of a single qubit against arbitrary 1-qubit errors within a 5 qubit code. The circuit presented employs a double `classical' code, i.e., one for bit flips and one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Samuel L. Braunstein , John A. Smolin