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Dynamic computation has emerged as a promising avenue to enhance the inference efficiency of deep networks. It allows selective activation of computational units, leading to a reduction in unnecessary computations for each input sample.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Yizeng Han , Zeyu Liu , Zhihang Yuan , Yifan Pu , Chaofei Wang , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

We consider the use of look-up tables (LUT) to simplify the hardware implementation of a deep learning network for inferencing after weights have been successfully trained. The use of LUT replaces the matrix multiply and add operations with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Chai Wah Wu

FPGA is appropriate for fix-point neural networks computing due to high power efficiency and configurability. However, its design must be intensively refined to achieve high performance using limited hardware resources. We present an…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Qingyang Yi , Heming Sun , Masahiro Fujita

Deep neural networks (DNN) have achieved remarkable success in computer vision (CV). However, training and inference of DNN models are both memory and computation intensive, incurring significant overhead in terms of energy consumption and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Tao Luo , Wai Teng Tang , Matthew Kay Fei Lee , Chuping Qu , Weng-Fai Wong , Rick Goh

Fully-connected layers in deep neural networks (DNN) are often the throughput and power bottleneck during training. This is due to their large size and low data reuse. Pruning dense layers can significantly reduce the size of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Mihailo Isakov , Michel A. Kinsy

A widely-used technique in designing energy-efficient deep neural network (DNN) accelerators is quantization. Recent progress in this direction has reduced the bitwidths used in DNN down to 2. Meanwhile, many prior works apply approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yi Ren , Ruge Xu , Xinfei Guo , Weikang Qian

The increasing usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, especially Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), is increasing the power consumption during training and inference, posing environmental concerns and driving the need for more…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Gabriel Cortês , Nuno Lourenço , Penousal Machado

Deep convolution Neural Network (DCNN) has been widely used in computer vision tasks. However, for edge devices even inference has too large computational complexity and data access amount. The inference latency of state-of-the-art models…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Kuan-Ting Lin , Ching-Te Chiu , Jheng-Yi Chang , Shi-Zong Huang , Yu-Ting Li

Ternary weight quantization (e.g., BitNet b1.58) offers a promising path to mitigate the memory bandwidth bottleneck in Large Language Model (LLM) inference. However, conventional compute platforms lack native support for ternary-weight…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Robin Geens , Joran Heldens , Joren Dumoulin , Marian Verhelst

The exponential growth in the size and complexity of Large Language Models (LLMs) has introduced unprecedented challenges in their deployment and operational management. Traditional MLOps approaches often fail to efficiently handle the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Mahesh Vaijainthymala Krishnamoorthy , Kuppusamy Vellamadam Palavesam , Siva Venkatesh Arcot , Rajarajeswari Chinniah Kuppuswami

Multi Scale Deformable Attention (MSDAttn) has become a fundamental component in various vision tasks due to its effective multi scale grid sampling (MSGS). However, its reliance on random sampling results in highly irregular memory access…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Huize Li , Qinggang Wang , Bing Gao , Dan Chen , Yu Huang , Xin Xin

Achieving high compute utilization across a wide range of AI workloads is crucial for the efficiency of versatile DNN accelerators. This paper presents the Voltra chip and its utilization-optimised DNN accelerator architecture, which…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiaoling Yi , Ryan Antonio , Yunhao Deng , Fanchen Kong , Joren Dumoulin , Jun Yin , Marian Verhelst

Many studies estimate energy consumption using proxy metrics like memory usage, FLOPs, and inference latency, with the assumption that reducing these metrics will also lower energy consumption in neural networks. This paper, however, takes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Hoang-Loc La , Phuong Hoai Ha

We evolve PyDTNN, a framework for distributed parallel training of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), into an efficient inference tool for convolutional neural networks. Our optimization process on multicore ARM processors involves several…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Adrián Castelló , Sergio Barrachina , Manuel F. Dolz , Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí , Pau San Juan

Deep neural network (DNN) inference is increasingly being executed on mobile and embedded platforms due to low latency and better privacy. However, efficient deployment on these platforms is challenging due to the intensive computation and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Lei Xun , Bashir M. Al-Hashimi , Jonathon Hare , Geoff V. Merrett

Energy harvesting (EH) IoT devices that operate intermittently without batteries, coupled with advances in deep neural networks (DNNs), have opened up new opportunities for enabling sustainable smart applications. Nevertheless, implementing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Sahidul Islam , Jieren Deng , Shanglin Zhou , Chen Pan , Caiwen Ding , Mimi Xie

Sparse general matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a critical operation in many applications. Current multithreaded implementations are based on Gustavson's algorithm and often perform poorly on large matrices due to limited cache…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jordi Wolfson-Pou , Jan Laukemann , Fabrizio Petrini

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have revolutionized various fields, but their deployment on GPUs often leads to significant energy consumption. Unlike existing methods for reducing GPU energy consumption, which are either hardware-inflexible or…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yijia Zhang , Zhihong Gou , Shijie Cao , Weigang Feng , Sicheng Zhang , Guohao Dai , Ningyi Xu

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become incredibly popular in recent years, and the significance of traditional accelerators in dealing with large-scale parameters is urgent. With the diffusion model's parallel structure, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Huan-Ke Hsu , I-Chyn Wey , T. Hui Teo

Pipeline parallelism is an essential distributed parallelism method. Increasingly complex and diverse DNN models necessitate meticulously customized pipeline schedules for performance. However, existing practices typically rely on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Lijuan Jiang , Xingjian Qian , Zhenxiang Ma , Zan Zong , Hengjie Li , Chao Yang , Jidong Zhai