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Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) is a popular operator learning framework. It not only achieves the state-of-the-art performance in many tasks, but also is efficient in training and prediction. However, collecting training data for the FNO can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Shibo Li , Xin Yu , Wei Xing , Mike Kirby , Akil Narayan , Shandian Zhe

Learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) from data has emerged as a promising route to fast surrogate models in multi-query scientific workflows. However, for geometric PDEs whose inputs and outputs transform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Pengcheng Cheng

We propose the generative adversarial neural operator (GANO), a generative model paradigm for learning probabilities on infinite-dimensional function spaces. The natural sciences and engineering are known to have many types of data that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Md Ashiqur Rahman , Manuel A. Florez , Anima Anandkumar , Zachary E. Ross , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli

We introduce a novel Multimodal Neural Operator (MNO) architecture designed to learn solution operators for multi-parameter nonlinear boundary value problems (BVPs). Traditional neural operators primarily map either the PDE coefficients or…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Vamshi C. Madala , Nithin Govindarajan , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran

Operator learning is a variant of machine learning that is designed to approximate maps between function spaces from data. The Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) is one of the main model architectures used for operator learning. The FNO combines…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Samuel Lanthaler , Andrew M. Stuart , Margaret Trautner

As artificial intelligence emerges as a transformative enabler for fusion energy commercialization, fast and accurate solvers become increasingly critical. In magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, rapid and accurate solution of the…

Recently, operator learning, or learning mappings between infinite-dimensional function spaces, has garnered significant attention, notably in relation to learning partial differential equations from data. Conceptually clear when outlined…

Vision transformers have delivered tremendous success in representation learning. This is primarily due to effective token mixing through self attention. However, this scales quadratically with the number of pixels, which becomes infeasible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 John Guibas , Morteza Mardani , Zongyi Li , Andrew Tao , Anima Anandkumar , Bryan Catanzaro

Solving cell problems in homogenization is hard, and available deep-learning frameworks fail to match the speed and generality of traditional computational frameworks. More to the point, it is generally unclear what to expect of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Binh Huy Nguyen , Matti Schneider

Optimising deep neural networks is a challenging task due to complex training dynamics, high computational requirements, and long training times. To address this difficulty, we propose the framework of Generalisable Agents for Neural…

Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have demonstrated exceptional accuracy in mapping functional spaces by leveraging Fourier transforms to establish a connection with underlying physical principles. However, their opaque inner workings often…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-04 Marco Cayuela , Vincent Le Chenadec , Peter Schmid , Taraneh Sayadi

Numerical simulations are essential tools to evaluate the solution of the wave equation in complex settings, such as three-dimensional (3D) domains with heterogeneous properties. However, their application is limited by high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Fanny Lehmann , Filippo Gatti , Didier Clouteau

The neural operator has emerged as a powerful tool in learning mappings between function spaces in PDEs. However, when faced with real-world physical data, which are often highly non-uniformly distributed, it is challenging to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Songming Liu , Zhongkai Hao , Chengyang Ying , Hang Su , Ze Cheng , Jun Zhu

Neural Operators (NOs) are a leading method for surrogate modeling of partial differential equations. Unlike traditional neural networks, which approximate individual functions, NOs learn the mappings between function spaces. While NOs have…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-01 Keith Poletti , Stella S. R. Offner , Rachel A. Ward

Flexible intelligent metasurfaces (FIMs) offer a new solution for wireless communications by introducing morphological degrees of freedom, dynamically morphing their three-dimensional shape to ensure multipath signals interfere…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jian Xiao , Ji Wang , Qimei Cui , Yucang Yang , Xingwang Li , Dusit Niyato , Chau Yuen

Accurately predicting the long-term behavior of chaotic systems is crucial for various applications such as climate modeling. However, achieving such predictions typically requires iterative computations over a dense spatiotemporal grid to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Chuwei Wang , Julius Berner , Zongyi Li , Di Zhou , Jiayun Wang , Jane Bae , Anima Anandkumar

Learning the solution operators of PDEs on arbitrary domains is challenging due to the diversity of possible domain shapes, in addition to the often intricate underlying physics. We propose an end-to-end graph neural network (GNN) based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Sepehr Mousavi , Shizheng Wen , Levi Lingsch , Maximilian Herde , Bogdan Raonić , Siddhartha Mishra

Deep learning-based surrogate models have been widely applied in geological carbon storage (GCS) problems to accelerate the prediction of reservoir pressure and CO2 plume migration. Large amounts of data from physics-based numerical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-11 Hewei Tang , Qingkai Kong , Joseph P. Morris

Neural operators can learn nonlinear mappings between function spaces and offer a new simulation paradigm for real-time prediction of complex dynamics for realistic diverse applications as well as for system identification in science and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , Shengze Cai , Zhiping Mao , Somdatta Goswami , Zhongqiang Zhang , George Em Karniadakis

Predicting the microstructural and morphological evolution of materials through phase-field modelling is computationally intensive, particularly for high-throughput parametric studies. While neural operators such as the Fourier neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Nanxi Chen , Airong Chen , Rujin Ma