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A central question for understanding interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) physics and improving space weather forecasting is how ICMEs evolve in interplanetary space. We have updated one of the most comprehensive in situ ICME…

On 5 April 2010 an interplanetary (IP) shock was detected by the Wind spacecraft ahead of Earth, followed by a fast (average speed 650 km/s) IP coronal mass ejection (ICME). During the subsequent moderate geomagnetic storm (minimum Dst =…

In situ observations of interplanetary (IP) coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and IP shocks are important to study as they are the main components of the solar activity. Hundreds of IP shocks have been detected by various space missions at…

Propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun far into interplanetary space is not well understood due to limited observations. In this study we examine the propagation characteristics of two geo-effective CMEs, which occurred…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Xiaowei Zhao , Ying D. Liu , Huidong Hu , Rui Wang

Forecasting the in situ properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from remote images is expected to strongly enhance predictions of space weather, and is of general interest for studying the interaction of CMEs with planetary…

Understanding the propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) through interplanetary space is essential for space weather forecasting. Due to observational limitations, measurements of the photospheric polar magnetic fields remain highly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-06 Xiao Zhang , Liping Yang , Xueshang Feng , Hui Tian , Mengxuan Ma , Fang Shen , Jiansen He , Man Zhang , Yufen Zhou , Ziwei Wang , Xinyi Ma , Wangning Zhang

Solar wind measurements carried out by NASA's Wind spacecraft before, during and after the passing of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) detected on 12-14 September 2014 have been used in order to examine several properties of…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Roque Márquez Rodríguez , Luca Sorriso-Valvo , Emiliya Yordanova

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are energetic storms in the Sun that result in the ejection of large-scale magnetic clouds (MCs) in interplanetary space that contain enhanced magnetic fields with coherently changing field direction. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-09 Sanchita Pal , Dibyendu Nandy , Emilia K J Kilpua

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which dynamically connect the solar surface to the far reaches of interplanetary space, represent a major anifestation of solar activity. They are not only of principal interest but also play a pivotal role in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-09 Jens Kleimann

The solar wind conditions at one astronomical unit (AU) can be strongly disturbed by the interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). A subset, called magnetic clouds (MCs), is formed by twisted flux ropes that transport an important…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Dasso , M. S. Nakwacki , P. Démoulin , C. H. Mandrini

We report kinematic properties of slow interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) identified by SOHO/LASCO, interplanetary scintillation, and in-situ observations, and propose a modified equation for the ICME motion. We identify seven…

Space Physics · Physics 2014-10-08 T. Iju , M. Tokumaru , K. Fujiki

In this work, we establish an ICME list from 1996 to 2014 based on the in-situ observations from the WIND and ACE satellites. Based on this ICME list, we extend the statistical analysis of the ICMEs to the solar maximum phase of solar cycle…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Yutian Chi , Chenglong Shen , Yuming Wang , Pinzhong Ye , S. Wang

Propagation of interplanetary (IP) shocks, particularly those driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), is still an outstanding question in heliophysics and space weather forecasting. Here we address effects of the ambient solar wind on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-04 Chin-Chun Wu , Kan Liou , Brian E. Wood , Lynn Hutting

The propagation of 15 interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) from Earth's orbit (1 AU) to Mars (~ 1.5 AU) has been studied with their propagation speed estimated from both measurements and simulations. The enhancement of magnetic…

We find that the sheath regions between fast interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and their preceding shocks are often characterized by plasma depletion and mirror wave structures, analogous to planetary magnetosheaths. A case…

Space Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. Liu , J. D. Richardson , J. W. Belcher , J. C. Kasper , R. M. Skoug

We analyzed statistics, solar sources and properties of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in the solar wind. In comparison with the first eight years of Cycle 23, during the same period of Cycle 24 the yearly numbers of ICMEs…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 D. Rodkin , V. Slemzin , A. N. Zhukov , F. Goryaev , Yu. Shugay , I. Veselovsky

On 2015 January 6-7, an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) was observed at L1. This event, which can be associated with a weak and slow coronal mass ejection, allows us to discuss on the differences between the boundaries of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-06 C. Cid , J. Palacios , E. Saiz , A. Guerrero

We investigate the kinetic properties of a typical fast-mode shock inside an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) observed on 1998 August 6 at 1 AU, including particle distributions and wave analysis with the in situ measurements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-30 Mingzhe Liu , Ying D. Liu , Zhongwei Yang , L. B. Wilson , Huidong Hu

Understanding the thermal and turbulence properties of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) is essential for analyzing their evolution and interactions with the surrounding medium. This study explores these characteristics across…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-27 Soumyaranjan Khuntia , Wageesh Mishra

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most dynamic phenomena in our solar system. They abruptly disrupt the continuous outflow of solar wind by expelling huge clouds of magnetized plasma into interplanetary space with velocities enabling to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 Manuela Temmer