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Context: Class II methanol masers at 6.7 GHz originate close to high-mass young stellar objects (HMYSOs). Their high sensitivity to local condition variations makes them a useful marker of the activity of the emerging massive stars. Aims:…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-27 M. Durjasz , M. Szymczak , M. Olech , A. Bartkiewicz

Methanol and water masers indicate young stellar objects. They often exhibit flares, and a fraction shows periodic activity. Several mechanisms might explain this behavior but the lack of concurrent infrared (IR) data complicates to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 B. Stecklum , A. Caratti o Garatti , K. Hodapp , H. Linz , L. Moscadelli , A. Sanna

We present five epochs of VLBI water maser observations around the massive protostar Cepheus A HW2 with 0.4 mas (0.3 AU) resolution. The main goal of these observations was to follow the evolution of the remarkable water maser…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 J. M. Torrelles , N. A. Patel , S. Curiel , R. Estalella , J. F. Gomez , L. F. Rodriguez , J. Canto , G. Anglada , W. Vlemmings , G. Garay , A. Raga , P. T. P. Ho

We report the discovery of periodic flares of 6.7GHz methanol maser in the young massive stellar object G22.357+0.066. The target was monitored in the methanol maser line over 20 months with the Torun 32m telescope. The emission was also…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 M. Szymczak , P. Wolak , A. Bartkiewicz , H. J. van Langevelde

The 6.7 GHz methanol maser is exclusively associated with high-mass star formation. However, it remains unclear what structures harbour the methanol masers. Cepheus A is one of the closest regions of massive star formation, making it an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 K. J. E. Torstensson , H. J. van Langevelde , W. H. T. Vlemmings , S. Bourke

We present near-infrared H2, radio CO, and thermal infrared observations of the nearby massive star-forming region Cepheus A (Cep A). From H2 bow shocks arranged along four distinct jet axes, we infer that the massive protostellar source…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Nathaniel J. Cunningham , Nickolas Moeckel , John Bally

We present (sub)millimeter line and continuum observations in a mosaicing mode of the massive star forming region Cepheus A East made with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). Our mosaic covers a total area of about 3$'$ $\times$ 12$'$ centered…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-05-20 Luis A. Zapata , Manuel Fernandez-Lopez , Salvador Curiel , Nimesh Patel , Luis F. Rodriguez

6.7 GHz methanol maser emission from the well-studied star-forming region Cepheus A was monitored with the Torun 32 m radio telescope. We found synchronized and anticorrelated changes of the flux density of the two blueshifted and one…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-03-05 M. Szymczak , P. Wolak , A. Bartkiewicz

We have measured the internal proper motions of the 6.7 GHz methanol masers associated with Cepheus A (Cep A) HW2 using Very Long Baseline Interferometery (VLBI) observations. We conducted three epochs of VLBI monitoring observations of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 K. Sugiyama , K. Fujisawa , A. Doi , M. Honma , H. Kobayashi , Y. Murata , K. Motogi , K. Niinuma , H. Ogawa , K. Wajima , S. Sawada-Satoh , S. P. Ellingsen

We present the discovery of the simultaneous flux variation of a massive young stellar object (MYSO) G036.70+00.09 (G036.70) both in the maser emission and mid-infrared (MIR;$\lambda=3$--$5$~$\mu$m) bands. Utilizing the ALLWISE and NEOWISE…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-07 Mizuho Uchiyama , Kohei Ichikawa , Koichiro Sugiyama , Yoshihiro Tanabe , Yoshinori Yonekura

We present the results of daily monitoring of 6.7 GHz methanol maser in Cepheus A (Cep A) using Yamaguchi 32-m radio telescope as well as the results of imaging observations conducted with the JVN (Japanese VLBI Network). We indentified…

We present a multi-band sequence of $Hubble~Space~Telescope$ images documenting the emergence and evolution of multiple light echoes (LEs) linked to the stripped-envelope supernova (SN) 2016adj located in the central dust-lane of Centaurus…

Due to its relatively small distance (725 pc), the Cepheus A East star-forming region is an ideal laboratory to study massive star formation processes. Based on its morphology, it has been suggested that the flattened molecular gas…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 C. Comito , P. Schilke , U. Endesfelder , I. Jimenez-Serra , J. Martin-Pintado

Aims. We report the discovery of periodic maser variability of an unusual pattern in the high-mass young stellar object G26.598-0.024. Methods. A ten-year monitoring of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser was carried out with the Torun 32 m radio…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-14 P. Wolak , M. Szymczak , A. Kobak , A. Varma , A. Bartkiewicz , J. O. Chibueze , B. Stecklum , C. J. Ugwu

We have discovered a luminous light echo around the normal Type II-Plateau Supernova (SN) 2012aw in Messier 95 (M95; NGC 3351), detected in images obtained approximately two years after explosion with the Wide Field Channel 3 on-board the…

We present the results of multi-epoch very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) water (H2O) maser observations carried out with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) toward the Cepheus A HW3d object. We measured for the first time…

We report the discovery of 6.7 GHz methanol maser periodic flares in four massive star forming regions and the updated light curve for the known periodic source G22.357+0.066. The observations were carried out with the Torun 32 m radio…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 M. Szymczak , P. Wolak , A. Bartkiewicz

The first map of interstellar acetylene (C2H2) has been obtained with the infrared spectrograph onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. A spectral line map of the $\nu_5$ vibration-rotation band at 13.7 microns carried out toward the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 P. Sonnentrucker , E. González-Alfonso , D. A. Neufeld

We characterize the molecular environment of candidate massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) signposted by methanol masers. Single pixel observations of 10 transitions of HCO^+, CO and CS isotopomers were carried out, using the IRAM 30m…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Szymczak , A. Bartkiewicz , A. M. S. Richards

We present polarization observations of the 6.7-GHz methanol masers around the massive protostar Cepheus A HW2 and its associated disc. The data were taken with the Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network. The maser polarization…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 W. H. T. Vlemmings , G. Surcis , K. J. E. Torstensson , H. J. van Langevelde
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