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Imitation learning has proven to be highly effective in teaching robots dexterous manipulation skills. However, it typically relies on large amounts of human demonstration data, which limits its scalability and applicability in dynamic,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Minjie Zhu , Yichen Zhu , Jinming Li , Zhongyi Zhou , Junjie Wen , Xiaoyu Liu , Chaomin Shen , Yaxin Peng , Feifei Feng

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for general-purpose robotic manipulation, leveraging large-scale pre-training to achieve strong performance. The field has rapidly evolved with additional spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuankai Luo , Woping Chen , Tong Liang , Baiqiao Wang , Zhenguo Li

Generalization remains a fundamental challenge in robotic manipulation. To tackle this challenge, recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models build policies on top of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), seeking to transfer their open-world…

Despite remarkable progress in Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) for robot manipulation, these large pre-trained models require fine-tuning to be deployed in specific environments. These fine-tuned models are highly sensitive to camera…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hyeongjun Heo , Seungyeon Woo , Sang Min Kim , Junho Kim , Junho Lee , Yonghyeon Lee , Young Min Kim

We present ProgVLA, a compact vision-language-action (VLA) model designed for reliable robot manipulation under tight compute and memory budgets. The model specifically focuses on efficiently processing long multi-modal sequences by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Seungsu Kim , Jinyoung Choi , Seungmin Baek , Jean-Michel Renders

Large policies pretrained on a combination of Internet-scale vision-language data and diverse robot demonstrations have the potential to change how we teach robots new skills: rather than training new behaviors from scratch, we can…

Most existing vision-language-action (VLA) models for robotic manipulation lack progress awareness, typically relying on hand-crafted heuristics for task termination. This limitation is particularly severe in long-horizon tasks involving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hongyu Yan , Qiwei Li , Jiaolong Yang , Yadong Mu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a compelling framework for tackling complex robotic manipulation tasks, but they are often expensive to train. In this paper, we propose a novel VLA approach that leverages the competitive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Max Argus , Jelena Bratulic , Houman Masnavi , Maxim Velikanov , Nick Heppert , Abhinav Valada , Thomas Brox

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The execution of complex multi-step behaviors in VLA models can be improved by robust instruction grounding, a critical component…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models trained on large robot datasets promise general-purpose, robust control across diverse domains and embodiments. However, existing approaches often fail out-of-the-box when deployed in novel environments,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ruihan Zhao , Tyler Ingebrand , Sandeep Chinchali , Ufuk Topcu

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have opened new avenues for robot manipulation, yet existing methods exhibit limited efficiency and a lack of high-level knowledge and spatial awareness. To address these challenges, we…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable potential in visuomotor control and instruction comprehension through end-to-end learning processes. However, current VLA models face significant challenges: they are slow during…

Robotic manipulation in 3D requires effective computation of N degree-of-freedom joint-space trajectories that enable precise and robust control. To achieve this, robots must integrate semantic understanding with visual perception to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Vineet Bhat , Yu-Hsiang Lan , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Ramesh Karri , Farshad Khorrami

Developing robust and general-purpose manipulation policies represents a fundamental objective in robotics research. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated promising capabilities for end-to-end robot control, existing…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models perform well on training-seen robotic tasks but struggle to generalize to unseen scenes and objects. A key limitation lies in their implicit visual representations, which entangle object appearance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hanyu Zhou , Chuanhao Ma , Gim Hee Lee

Recent high-capacity vision-language-action (VLA) models have demonstrated impressive performance on a range of robotic manipulation tasks by imitating human demonstrations. However, exploiting offline data with limited visited states will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guanxing Lu , Wenkai Guo , Chubin Zhang , Yuheng Zhou , Haonan Jiang , Zifeng Gao , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable generalization by mapping web-scale knowledge to robotic control, yet they remain blind to physical contact. Consequently, they struggle with contact-rich manipulation tasks that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Guo Ye , Zexi Zhang , Xu Zhao , Shang Wu , Haoran Lu , Shihan Lu , Han Liu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models excel at robotic tasks by leveraging large-scale 2D vision-language pretraining, but their reliance on RGB images limits spatial reasoning critical for real-world interaction. Retraining these models with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chengmeng Li , Junjie Wen , Yan Peng , Yaxin Peng , Feifei Feng , Yichen Zhu

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a promising foundation for general-purpose robotics. However, their successful deployment in real-world scenarios requires the ability to continually acquire new skills while retaining previously…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiarun Zhu , Yijun Hong , Xiaoquan Sun , Zetian Xu , Mingqi Yuan , Zhiyong Wang , Wenjun Zeng , Jiayu Chen

Temporal context is essential for robotic manipulation because such tasks are inherently non-Markovian, yet mainstream VLA models typically overlook it and struggle with long-horizon, temporally dependent tasks. Cognitive science suggests…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Hao Shi , Bin Xie , Yingfei Liu , Lin Sun , Fengrong Liu , Tiancai Wang , Erjin Zhou , Haoqiang Fan , Xiangyu Zhang , Gao Huang
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