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We present a constructive universal approximation theorem for learning machines equipped with joint-group-equivariant feature maps, called the joint-equivariant machines, based on the group representation theory. ``Constructive'' here…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sho Sonoda , Yuka Hashimoto , Isao Ishikawa , Masahiro Ikeda

Within the limited scope of this paper, we argue that artificial general intelligence cannot emerge from current neural network paradigms regardless of scale, nor is such an approach healthy for the field at present. Drawing on various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Khanh Gia Bui

Leveraging the infinite dimensional neural network architecture we proposed in arXiv:2109.13512v4 and which can process inputs from Fr\'echet spaces, and using the universal approximation property shown therein, we now largely extend the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Luca Galimberti

The possibility of approximating a continuous function on a compact subset of the real line by a feedforward single hidden layer neural network with a sigmoidal activation function has been studied in many papers. Such networks can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-29 Namig J. Guliyev , Vugar E. Ismailov

We study the problem of approximating compactly-supported integrable functions while implementing their support set using feedforward neural networks. Our first main result transcribes this "structured" approximation problem into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Anastasis Kratsios , Behnoosh Zamanlooy

Quantum machine learning (QML), as an interdisciplinary field bridging quantum computing and machine learning, has garnered significant attention in recent years. Currently, the field as a whole faces challenges due to incomplete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Jialiang Tang , Jialin Zhang , Xiaoming Sun

In many data classification problems, there is no linear relationship between an explanatory and the dependent variables. Instead, there may be ranges of the input variable for which the observed outcome is signficantly more or less likely.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-13 Mallory Sheth , Roy Welsch , Natasha Markuzon

Quantum machine learning has the potential for broad industrial applications, and the development of quantum algorithms for improving the performance of neural networks is of particular interest given the central role they play in machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 Jonathan Allcock , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Iordanis Kerenidis , Shengyu Zhang

By universal formulas we understand parameterized analytic expressions that have a fixed complexity, but nevertheless can approximate any continuous function on a compact set. There exist various examples of such formulas, including some in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Dmitry Yarotsky

Many machine learning tasks involve learning functions that are known to be invariant or equivariant to certain symmetries of the input data. However, it is often challenging to design neural network architectures that respect these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Omri Puny , Matan Atzmon , Heli Ben-Hamu , Ishan Misra , Aditya Grover , Edward J. Smith , Yaron Lipman

A novel neural network inspired by Cauchy's integral formula, is proposed for function approximation tasks that include time series forecasting, missing data imputation, etc. Hence, the novel neural network is named CauchyNet. By embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hong-Kun Zhang , Xin Li , Sikun Yang , Zhihong Xia

We consider a family of deep neural networks consisting of two groups of convolutional layers, a downsampling operator, and a fully connected layer. The network structure depends on two structural parameters which determine the numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Tong Mao , Zhongjie Shi , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We investigate the universal approximation property (UAP) of transformer-type architectures, providing a unified theoretical framework that extends prior results on residual networks to models incorporating attention mechanisms. Our work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jingpu Cheng , Ting Lin , Zuowei Shen , Qianxiao Li

Complex-valued neural networks have attracted increasing attention in recent years, while it remains open on the advantages of complex-valued neural networks in comparison with real-valued networks. This work takes one step on this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Shao-Qun Zhang , Wei Gao , Zhi-Hua Zhou

We present a new abstract interpretation framework for the precise over-approximation of numerical fixpoint iterators. Our key observation is that unlike in standard abstract interpretation (AI), typically used to over-approximate all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Mark Niklas Müller , Marc Fischer , Robin Staab , Martin Vechev

Recent breakthroughs in AI capability have been attributed to increasingly sophisticated architectures and alignment techniques, but a simpler principle may explain these advances: memory makes computation universal. Memory enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Erik Garrison

The approximation power of general feedforward neural networks with piecewise linear activation functions is investigated. First, lower bounds on the size of a network are established in terms of the approximation error and network depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Mohammad Mehrabi , Aslan Tchamkerten , Mansoor I. Yousefi

Neural networks have been criticized for their lack of easy interpretation, which undermines confidence in their use for important applications. Here, we introduce a novel technique, interpreting a trained neural network by investigating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Roozbeh Yousefzadeh , Dianne P. O'Leary

Deep neural networks, despite their success in numerous applications, often function without established theoretical foundations. In this paper, we bridge this gap by drawing parallels between deep learning and classical numerical analysis.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Emanuele Zappala , Daniel Levine , Sizhuang He , Syed Rizvi , Sacha Levy , David van Dijk

This paper introduces the front-propagation algorithm, a novel eXplainable AI (XAI) technique designed to elucidate the decision-making logic of deep neural networks. Unlike other popular explainability algorithms such as Integrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Javier Viaña