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The most effective misinformation campaigns are multimodal, often combining text with images and videos taken out of context -- or fabricating them entirely -- to support a given narrative. Contemporary methods for detecting misinformation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Tomas Peterka , Matyas Bohacek

Automated fact-checking, using machine learning to verify claims, has grown vital as misinformation spreads beyond human fact-checking capacity. Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 are increasingly trusted to write academic papers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Dorian Quelle , Alexandre Bovet

We present a generalizable AI-assisted framework for rapidly generating effective "prebunking" interventions against misinformation. Like mRNA vaccine platforms, our approach uses a stable template structure that can be quickly adapted to…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-10 Mitchell Linegar , Betsy Sinclair , Sander van der Linden , R. Michael Alvarez

The dissemination of false information on online platforms presents a serious societal challenge. While manual fact-checking remains crucial, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising opportunities to support fact-checkers with their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ivan Vykopal , Matúš Pikuliak , Simon Ostermann , Marián Šimko

While Large Language Models have transformed how we interact with AI systems, they suffer from a critical flaw: they confidently generate false information that sounds entirely plausible. This hallucination problem has become a major…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Piyushkumar Patel

In recent years, algorithms have been incorporated into fact-checking pipelines. They are used not only to flag previously fact-checked misinformation, but also to provide suggestions about which trending claims should be prioritized for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Terrence Neumann , Nicholas Wolczynski

In today's digital era, the rapid spread of misinformation poses threats to public well-being and societal trust. As online misinformation proliferates, manual verification by fact checkers becomes increasingly challenging. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Eun Cheol Choi , Emilio Ferrara

Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly through the advent of large-scale generative AI (GenAI) models such as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become a transformative element in contemporary technology. While these models have unlocked…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Sung Une Lee , Yue Liu , Zhenchang Xing

Fake news significantly influences decision-making processes by misleading individuals, organizations, and even governments. Large language models (LLMs), as part of generative AI, can amplify this problem by generating highly convincing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lionel Z. Wang , Ka Chung Ng , Yiming Ma , Wenqi Fan

Explainable machine learning and artificial intelligence models have been used to justify a model's decision-making process. This added transparency aims to help improve user performance and understanding of the underlying model. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Mahsan Nourani , Chiradeep Roy , Tahrima Rahman , Eric D. Ragan , Nicholas Ruozzi , Vibhav Gogate

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into search services, providing direct answers that can reduce users' reliance on traditional result pages. Yet their factual reliability in non-English web ecosystems remains poorly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Geng Liu , Junjie Mu , Li Feng , Mengxiao Zhu , Francesco Pierri

The growth of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has shifted disinformation production from manual fabrication to automated, large-scale manipulation. This article presents findings from the first wave of a longitudinal expert…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Alexander Loth , Martin Kappes , Marc-Oliver Pahl

The proliferation of multimodal misinformation poses growing threats to public discourse and societal trust. While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have enabled recent progress in multimodal misinformation detection (MMD), the rise of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Fanxiao Li , Jiaying Wu , Tingchao Fu , Yunyun Dong , Bingbing Song , Wei Zhou

Given the growing prevalence of fake information, including increasingly realistic AI-generated news, there is an urgent need to train people to better evaluate and detect misinformation. While interactions with AI have been shown to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Anku Rani , Valdemar Danry , Paul Pu Liang , Andrew B. Lippman , Pattie Maes

Misinformation in healthcare, from vaccine hesitancy to unproven treatments, poses risks to public health and trust in medical systems. While machine learning and natural language processing have advanced automated fact-checking, validating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Mariano Barone , Antonio Romano , Giuseppe Riccio , Marco Postiglione , Vincenzo Moscato

As AI-enhanced academic search systems become increasingly popular among researchers, investigating their AI transparency is crucial to ensure trust in the search outcomes, as well as the reliability and integrity of scholarly work. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yifan Liu , Peter Sullivan , Luanne Sinnamon

The rise of social media has enabled the widespread propagation of fake news, text that is published with an intent to spread misinformation and sway beliefs. Rapidly detecting fake news, especially as new events arise, is important to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Nikhil Mehta , Dan Goldwasser

We introduce VerifAI, an open-source expert system for biomedical question answering that integrates retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with a novel post-hoc claim verification mechanism. Unlike standard RAG systems, VerifAI ensures…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Miloš Košprdić , Adela Ljajić , Bojana Bašaragin , Darija Medvecki , Lorenzo Cassano , Nikola Milošević

Generative AI (GenAI) poses a substantial threat to the integrity of information within the contemporary public sphere, which increasingly relies on social media platforms as intermediaries for news consumption. At present, most research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-11 C. Bowman Kerbage

In recent years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have grown in size and complexity, driving greater demand for computational power and natural resources. In parallel to this trend, transparency around the costs and impacts of these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Sasha Luccioni , Boris Gamazaychikov , Theo Alves da Costa , Emma Strubell