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Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often face a modality representation gap during pretraining: while language embeddings remain stable, visual representations are highly sensitive to contextual noise (e.g., background clutter). To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yin Xie , Kaicheng Yang , Peirou Liang , Xiang An , Yongle Zhao , Yumeng Wang , Ziyong Feng , Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Recent success in speech representation learning enables a new way to leverage unlabeled data to train speech recognition model. In speech representation learning, a large amount of unlabeled data is used in a self-supervised manner to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Shaoshi Ling , Yuzong Liu

The residual vector quantization (RVQ) technique plays a central role in recent advances in neural audio codecs. These models effectively synthesize high-fidelity audio from a limited number of codes due to the hierarchical structure among…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Hyeongju Kim , Junhyeok Lee , Jacob Morton , Juheon Lee , Jinhyeok Yang

Packing and covering linear programs (PC-LPs) form an important class of linear programs (LPs) across computer science, operations research, and optimization. In 1993, Luby and Nisan constructed an iterative algorithm for approximately…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Lorenzo Orecchia

In-memory computing with crosspoint resistive memory arrays has been shown to accelerate data-centric computations such as the training and inference of deep neural networks, thanks to the high parallelism endowed by physical rules in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Zhong Sun , Giacomo Pedretti , Piergiulio Mannocci , Elia Ambrosi , Alessandro Bricalli , Daniele Ielmini

We study how well topological quantum codes can tolerate coherent noise caused by systematic unitary errors such as unwanted $Z$-rotations. Our main result is an efficient algorithm for simulating quantum error correction protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Sergey Bravyi , Matthias Englbrecht , Robert Koenig , Nolan Peard

Using Frequency-domain Holographic Reduced Representations (FHRRs), we extend a Vector-Symbolic Architecture (VSA) encoding of Lisp 1.5 with primitives for arithmetic operations using Residue Hyperdimensional Computing (RHC). Encoding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Connor Hanley , Eilene Tomkins-Flanaganm , Mary Alexandria Kelly

The Key-Value (KV) cache is the primary memory bottleneck in long-context Large Language Models, yet it is typically treated as an opaque numerical tensor. In this work, we propose \textbf{STA-Attention}, a framework that utilizes Top-K…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Qingsen Ma , Dianyun Wang , Jiaming Lyu , Yaoye Wang , Lechen Ning , Sujie Zhu , Zhenbo Xu , Liuyu Xiang , Huining Li , Huijia Wu , Zhaofeng He

The use of a learnable codebook provides an efficient way for semantic communications to map vector-based high-dimensional semantic features onto discrete symbol representations required in digital communication systems. In this paper, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Lingyi Wang , Rashed Shelim , Walid Saad , Naren Ramakrishnan

To efficiently factorize high-dimensional distributed representations to the constituent atomic vectors, one can exploit the compute-in-superposition capabilities of vector-symbolic architectures (VSA). Such factorizers however suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Geethan Karunaratne , Michael Hersche , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

Color programmers manipulate lights, materials, and the resulting colors from light-material interactions. Existing libraries for color programming provide only a thin layer of abstraction around matrix operations. Color programs are, thus,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Ethan Chen , Jiwon Chang , Yuhao Zhu

Symbolic computation, powered by modern computer algebra systems, has important applications in mathematical reasoning through exact deep computations. The efficiency of symbolic computation is largely constrained by such deep computations…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Rui-Juan Jing , Yuegang Zhao , Changbo Chen

Vector Symbolic Architectures (VSAs) have been widely deployed in various cognitive applications due to their simple and efficient operations. The widespread adoption of VSAs has, in turn, spurred the development of numerous hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Shuting Du , Mohamed Ibrahim , Zishen Wan , Luqi Zheng , Boheng Zhao , Zhenkun Fan , Che-Kai Liu , Tushar Krishna , Arijit Raychowdhury , Haitong Li

This paper provides a general solution for the Kronecker product decomposition (KPD) of vectors, matrices, and hypermatrices. First, an algorithm, namely, monic decomposition algorithm (MDA), is reviewed. It consists of a set of projections…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Daizhan Cheng

The problem of learning to translate between two vector spaces given a set of aligned points arises in several application areas of NLP. Current solutions assume that the lexicon which defines the alignment pairs is noise-free. We consider…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Noa Yehezkel Lubin , Jacob Goldberger , Yoav Goldberg

This work is centred around the recently proposed product key memory structure \cite{large_memory}, implemented for a number of computer vision applications. The memory structure can be regarded as a simple computation primitive suitable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Rasul Karimov , Yury Malkov , Karim Iskakov , Victor Lempitsky

Recent vision-language model (VLM)-based approaches have achieved impressive results on image vectorization tasks. However, they are typically evaluated on synthetic benchmarks, where clean SVGs are rasterized at high resolution and then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Tarun Gehlaut , Difan Liu , Charu Bansal , Krutik Malani , Souymodip Chakraborty , Ankit Phogat , Matthew Fisher , Vineet Batra

KV cache compression methods have mainly relied on scalar quantization techniques to reduce the memory requirements during decoding. In this work, we apply residual vector quantization, which has been widely used for high fidelity audio…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ankur Kumar

Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA) is emerging in machine learning due to its efficiency, but they are hindered by issues of hyperdimensionality and accuracy. As a promising mitigation, the Low-Dimensional Computing (LDC) method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shijin Duan , Yejia Liu , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Shaolei Ren , Xiaolin Xu

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are a promising approach to the decoding problem of Quantum Error Correction (QEC), but have observed consistent difficulty when generalising performance to larger QEC codes. Recent scalability-focused…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Spiro Gicev , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg , Muhammad Usman