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Energy-based models (EBMs) are generative models inspired by statistical physics with a wide range of applications in unsupervised learning. Their performance is best measured by the cross-entropy (CE) of the model distribution relative to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Davide Carbone , Mengjian Hua , Simon Coste , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

The use of Potential-Based Reward Shaping (PBRS) has shown great promise in the ongoing research effort to tackle sample inefficiency in Reinforcement Learning (RL). However, choosing the right potential function remains an open challenge.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Giuseppe Canonaco , Leo Ardon , Alberto Pozanco , Daniel Borrajo

In this paper, we introduce a novel variant of the CBO method that incorporates jumps according to an $\alpha$-stable stochastic process in a kinetic framework. This extension gives rise to nonlocal stochastic effects, which improve the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Pedro Aceves-Sanchez , Giacomo Albi , Federica Ferrarese , Michael Herty

The method of choice for integrating the time-dependent Fokker-Planck equation in high-dimension is to generate samples from the solution via integration of the associated stochastic differential equation. Here, we study an alternative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Nicholas M. Boffi , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

This paper employs a formal connection of machine learning with thermodynamics to characterize the quality of learnt representations for transfer learning. We discuss how information-theoretic functional such as rate, distortion and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Yansong Gao , Pratik Chaudhari

The aim of this paper is to compare results from lattice-Boltzmann and Brownian dynamics simulations of linear chain molecules. We have systematically varied the parameters that may affect the accuracy of the lattice-Boltzmann simulations,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Anthony J. C. Ladd , Rahul Kekre , Jason E. Butler

We propose a novel method for simulating conditioned diffusion processes (diffusion bridges) in Euclidean spaces. By training a neural network to approximate bridge dynamics, our approach eliminates the need for computationally intensive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-23 Gefan Yang , Frank van der Meulen , Stefan Sommer

Free energy landscapes encode the kinetics, intermediates, and transition states that govern molecular processes and are thus a key target of single biomolecule research. Typical approaches to deriving optimal, error-minimizing,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Oliver Cheng , Zosia Adamska , Michael P. Brenner , Megan C. Engel

We propose an efficient framework for amortized conditional inference by leveraging exact conditional score-guided diffusion models to train a non-reversible neural network as a conditional generative model. Traditional normalizing flow…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zezhong Zhang , Caroline Tatsuoka , Dongbin Xiu , Guannan Zhang

We investigate the effects of relatively rapid variations of the boundaries of an overmoded cavity on the stochastic properties of its interior acoustic or electromagnetic field. For quasi-static variations, this field can be represented as…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. R. Arnaut

We survey continuous-time generative modeling methods based on transporting a simple reference distribution to a data distribution via stochastic or deterministic dynamics. We present a unified framework in which diffusion models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Aditya Ranganath , Mukesh Singhal

The concern of the present paper is the design of efficient numerical schemes for a specific Fokker-Planck equation describing the dynamics of energetic particles occurring in thermonuclear fusion plasmas (runaway electrons for example). In…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Hugo Parada , Claudia Negulescu

The partitioning of data for estimation and calibration critically impacts the performance of propensity score based estimators like inverse probability weighting (IPW) and double/debiased machine learning (DML) frameworks. We extend recent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Sven Klaassen , Jan Rabenseifner , Jannis Kueck , Philipp Bach

We propose a free-energy-perturbation approach accelerated by machine-learning potentials to efficiently compute transition temperatures and entropies for all rungs of Jacob's ladder. We apply the approach to the dynamically stabilized…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-05 Axel Forslund , Jong Hyun Jung , Yuji Ikeda , Blazej Grabowski

Umbrella sampling efficiently yields equilibrium averages that depend on exploring rare states of a model by biasing simulations to windows of coordinate values and then combining the resulting data with physical weighting. Here, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-21 Erik Thiede , Brian Van Koten , Jonathan Weare , Aaron R. Dinner

Molecules in equilibrium follow a Boltzmann distribution, making the underlying energy landscape a physically grounded modeling objective. However, such landscapes are difficult to learn from data and, once learned, hard to sample from.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Christoph Griesbacher , Lea Bogensperger , Andreas Habring , Thomas Pock

Score-based diffusion models provide a powerful way to model images using the gradient of the data distribution. Leveraging the learned score function as a prior, here we introduce a way to sample data from a conditional distribution given…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-19 Hyungjin Chung , Jong Chul Ye

In neuroscience, the distribution of a decision time is modelled by means of a one-dimensional Fokker--Planck equation with time-dependent boundaries and space-time-dependent drift. Efficient approximation of the solution to this equation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-08 Udo Boehm , Sonja Cox , Gregor Gantner , Rob Stevenson

We carry out a comprehensive linear stability analysis of active Brownian particle systems around a constant homogeneous state. These scalar models, being important prototypes for the continuous description of active matter, are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Michele Coti Zelati , Lucas Ertzbischoff , David Gerard-Varet

We investigate asymptotic decay phenomenon towards the nonequilibrium steady state of the thermal diffusion in the presence of a tilted periodic potential. The parameter dependence of the decay rate is revealed by investigating the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Monnai , A. Sugita , J. Hirashima , K. Nakamura