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Measurements play a crucial role in doing physics: Their results provide the basis on which we adopt or reject physical theories. In this note, we examine the effect of subjecting measurements themselves to our experience. We require that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Arne Hansen , Stefan Wolf

Endeavoring to formulate an exhaustive solution to the measurement problem in view of the theory of decoherence leads to a better understanding of the status of the collapse and of the emergence of classicality, thanks to a precise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 Antoine Soulas

Metric spaces are a fundamental component of mathematics and have a paramount importance as a framework for measuring distance. They can be found in many different branches of mathematics, such as analysis and topology. This paper offers an…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Ismail Gemaledin , Iusuf Gemaledin

The problem of replacing an integral norm with respect to a given probability measure by the corresponding integral norm with respect to a discrete measure is discussed in the paper. The above problem is studied for elements of finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-11-01 F. Dai , A. Prymak , V. N. Temlyakov , S. Tikhonov

This article presents the basis of a theory of entanglement. We begin with a classical theory of entangled discrete measures in Section~1. Section~2 treats quantum mechanics and discusses the statistics of bounded operators on a Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-01 Stanley Gudder

This article begins with a review of quantum measure spaces. Quantum forms and indefinite inner-product spaces are then discussed. The main part of the paper introduces a quantum integral and derives some of its properties. The quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-06 Stan Gudder

Integration at a point is a new kind of integration derived from integration over an interval in infinitesimal and infinity domains which are spaces larger than the reals. Consider a continuous monotonic divergent function that is…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-03-04 Chelton D. Evans , William K. Pattinson

Using the recently defined concept of Taylor measures, we propose a generalization of Taylor's theorem to measurable, non-analytic functions, that do not require differentiation. We study consequences of the generalization, including the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Athanasios Christou Micheas

The concept of measurement is discussed. It is argued that counting process in mathematics is also measurement which requires a basic unit. The idea of scale is put forward. The basic unit itself, which are composed of the infinitesimal of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhen Wang

Measurements continuous in time were consistently introduced in quantum mechanics and applications worked out, mainly in quantum optics. In this context a quantum filtering theory has been developed giving the reduced state after the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Barchielli , V. P. Belavkin

Logical entropy gives a measure, in the sense of measure theory, of the distinctions of a given partition of a set, an idea that can be naturally generalized to classical probability distributions. Here, we analyze how fundamental concepts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Boaz Tamir , Ismael L. Paiva , Zohar Schwartzman-Nowik , Eliahu Cohen

We attempt to contribute some novel points of view to the "foundations of quantum mechanics", using mathematical tools from "quantum probability theory" (such as the theory of operator algebras). We first introduce an abstract algebraic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 J. Fröhlich , B. Schubnel

We clarified the connection between measurements and partitions, and discussed the meaning of semiotics for measurements based on functions. The terms of property and relation quantity were defined by our understanding of partitions and…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-03-14 DanDan Zou

Theory of quantum measurements is often classified as decision theory. An event in decision theory corresponds to the measurement of an observable. This analogy looks clear for operationally testable simple events. However, the situation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 V. I. Yukalov , D. Sornette

The question of what should be meant by a measurement is tackled from a mathematical perspective whose physical interpretation is that a measurement is a fundamental process via which a finite amount of classical information is produced.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-10 Pedro Resende

Inspired by the work of Feynman, Deutsch, We formally propose the theory of physical computability and accordingly, the physical complexity theory. To achieve this, a framework that can evaluate almost all forms of computation using various…

Computational Physics · Physics 2011-12-06 Huimin Zheng , HaiXing Hu , Nan Wu , Fangmin Song

Spaces of quasi-invariant measures supplied with different topologies are studied. Their embeddings, projective decompositions, conditions for their metrizability are investigated. Theorems about convergence of nets of quasi-invariant…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Sergey Victor Ludkowski

We set up a model for reasoning about metric spaces with belief theoretic measures. The uncertainty in these spaces stems from both probability and metric. To represent both aspect of uncertainty, we choose an expected distance function as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Seunghwan Lee

Approximation theory is concerned with the ability to approximate functions by simpler and more easily calculated functions. The first question we ask in approximation theory concerns the {\it possibility of approximation}. Is the given…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Allan Pinkus

The term "measurement" in quantum theory (as well as in other physical theories) is ambiguous: It is used to describe both an experience - e.g., an observation in an experiment - and an interaction with the system under scrutiny. If doing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-03 Arne Hansen , Stefan Wolf