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Matching patients to clinical trials is a key unsolved challenge in bringing new drugs to market. Today, identifying patients who meet a trial's eligibility criteria is highly manual, taking up to 1 hour per patient. Automated screening is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Michael Wornow , Alejandro Lozano , Dev Dash , Jenelle Jindal , Kenneth W. Mahaffey , Nigam H. Shah

Clinical trial matching is a key process in health delivery and discovery. In practice, it is plagued by overwhelming unstructured data and unscalable manual processing. In this paper, we conduct a systematic study on scaling clinical trial…

Clinical trial eligibility matching is a critical yet often labor-intensive and error-prone step in medical research, as it ensures that participants meet precise criteria for safe and reliable study outcomes. Recent advances in Natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Muhammad Talha Sharif , Abdul Rehman

Clinical trials are a critical process in the medical field for introducing new treatments and innovations. However, cohort selection for clinical trials is a time-consuming process that often requires manual review of patient text records…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chi-en Amy Tai , Xavier Tannier

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated surprising performance across various natural language processing tasks. Recently, medical LLMs enhanced with domain-specific knowledge have exhibited excellent capabilities in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Yi Peng , Qikai Wei , Daniel Tesfai , Wenwei Mao , Tao Zhu , Runhe Huang

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in medicine has enabled impressive capabilities, yet a critical gap remains in their ability to perform systematic, transparent, and verifiable reasoning, a cornerstone of clinical practice.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Wenxuan Wang , Zizhan Ma , Meidan Ding , Shiyi Zheng , Shengyuan Liu , Jie Liu , Jiaming Ji , Wenting Chen , Xiang Li , Linlin Shen , Yixuan Yuan

Clinical trials are crucial for assessing new treatments; however, recruitment challenges - such as limited awareness, complex eligibility criteria, and referral barriers - hinder their success. With the growth of online platforms, patients…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Joey Chan , Qiao Jin , Nicholas Wan , Charalampos S. Floudas , Elisabetta Xue , Zhiyong Lu

Participant recruitment based on unstructured medical texts such as clinical notes and radiology reports has been a challenging yet important task for the cohort establishment in clinical research. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Zihan Guan , Zihao Wu , Zhengliang Liu , Dufan Wu , Hui Ren , Quanzheng Li , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in mimicking human-level language comprehension and reasoning. This has sparked significant interest in applying LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Mingze Yuan , Peng Bao , Jiajia Yuan , Yunhao Shen , Zifan Chen , Yi Xie , Jie Zhao , Yang Chen , Li Zhang , Lin Shen , Bin Dong

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools with transformative potential across numerous domains, including healthcare and medicine. In the medical domain, LLMs hold promise for tasks ranging from clinical decision support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xiaolan Chen , Jiayang Xiang , Shanfu Lu , Yexin Liu , Mingguang He , Danli Shi

Large language models (LLMs) have shown considerable potential in supporting medical diagnosis. However, their effective integration into clinical workflows is hindered by physicians' difficulties in perceiving and trusting LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yuansong Xu , Yichao Zhu , Haokai Wang , Yuchen Wu , Yang Ouyang , Hanlu Li , Wenzhe Zhou , Xinyu Liu , Chang Jiang , Quan Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their transformative potential across numerous disciplinary studies, reshaping the existing research methodologies and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. However, a systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Lu Xiang , Yang Zhao , Yaping Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Matching patients to clinical trials demands a systematic and reasoned interpretation of documents which require significant expert-level background knowledge, over a complex set of well-defined eligibility criteria. Moreover, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Mael Jullien , Alex Bogatu , Harriet Unsworth , Andre Freitas

Global healthcare providers are exploring use of large language models (LLMs) to provide medical advice to the public. LLMs now achieve nearly perfect scores on medical licensing exams, but this does not necessarily translate to accurate…

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into medical applications has sparked widespread interest across the healthcare industry, from drug discovery and development to clinical decision support, assisting telemedicine, medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zifeng Wang , Hanyin Wang , Benjamin Danek , Ying Li , Christina Mack , Hoifung Poon , Yajuan Wang , Pranav Rajpurkar , Jimeng Sun

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have received substantial attention due to their capabilities for understanding and generating human language. While there has been a burgeoning trend in research focusing on the employment of…

The process of matching patients with suitable clinical trials is essential for advancing medical research and providing optimal care. However, current approaches face challenges such as data standardization, ethical considerations, and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jiayi Yuan , Ruixiang Tang , Xiaoqian Jiang , Xia Hu

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is witnessing a remarkable breakthrough driven by the success of Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs have gained significant attention across academia and industry for their versatile applications in text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Taojun Hu , Xiao-Hua Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) hold promise for transforming healthcare, from streamlining administrative and clinical workflows to enriching patient engagement and advancing clinical decision-making. However, their successful integration…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Mohammed Al-Garadi , Tushar Mungle , Abdulaziz Ahmed , Abeed Sarker , Zhuqi Miao , Michael E. Matheny

To address challenges in the digital economy's landscape of digital intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have been developed. Improvements in computational power and available resources have significantly advanced LLMs, allowing their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yanxin Zheng , Wensheng Gan , Zefeng Chen , Zhenlian Qi , Qian Liang , Philip S. Yu
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