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Instructing large language models (LLMs) to solve elementary school math problems has shown great success using Chain of Thought (CoT). However, the CoT approach relies on an LLM to generate a sequence of arithmetic calculations which can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Xiaocheng Yang , Bingsen Chen , Yik-Cheung Tam

Recent studies have discovered that Chain-of-Thought prompting (CoT) can dramatically improve the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly when dealing with complex tasks involving mathematics or reasoning. Despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Guhao Feng , Bohang Zhang , Yuntian Gu , Haotian Ye , Di He , Liwei Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Pre-trained large language models (LMs) struggle to perform logical reasoning reliably despite advances in scale and compositionality. In this work, we tackle this challenge through the lens of symbolic programming. We propose DSR-LM, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Hanlin Zhang , Jiani Huang , Ziyang Li , Mayur Naik , Eric Xing

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models remains a critical challenge in artificial intelligence. We introduce RDoLT, Recursive Decomposition of Logical Thought prompting, a novel framework that significantly boosts LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Kaleem Ullah Qasim , Jiashu Zhang , Tariq Alsahfi , Ateeq Ur Rehman Butt

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has fundamentally transformed natural language processing, making them indispensable across domains ranging from conversational systems to scientific exploration. However, their pre-trained…

Prompting techniques have significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various complex tasks, including reasoning, planning, and solving math word problems. However, most research has predominantly focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Neisarg Dave , Daniel Kifer , C. Lee Giles , Ankur Mali

Recent advancements in large language models have showcased their remarkable generalizability across various domains. However, their reasoning abilities still have significant room for improvement, especially when confronted with scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Xufeng Zhao , Mengdi Li , Wenhao Lu , Cornelius Weber , Jae Hee Lee , Kun Chu , Stefan Wermter

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly described as possessing strong reasoning capabilities, supported by high performance on mathematical, logical, and planning benchmarks. However, most existing evaluations rely on aggregate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Md. Fahad Ullah Utsho , Mohd. Ruhul Ameen , Akif Islam , Md. Golam Rashed , Dipankar Das

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, especially when prompted to generate intermediate reasoning steps (e.g., Chain-of-Thought, CoT). However, LLMs can still struggle with problems that are easy for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Shibo Hao , Yi Gu , Haodi Ma , Joshua Jiahua Hong , Zhen Wang , Daisy Zhe Wang , Zhiting Hu

Logical reasoning consistently plays a fundamental and significant role in the domains of knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a noteworthy innovation in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Jiawei Han , Tianzhe Zhao , Jun Liu , Erik Cambria

When performing complex multi-step reasoning tasks, the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to derive structured intermediate proof steps is important for ensuring that the models truly perform the desired reasoning and for improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Zi'ou Zheng , Christopher Malon , Martin Renqiang Min , Xiaodan Zhu

Analogical reasoning -- the capacity to identify and map structural relationships between different domains -- is fundamental to human cognition and learning. Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) can sometimes match…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sam Musker , Alex Duchnowski , Raphaël Millière , Ellie Pavlick

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been touted as AI models possessing advanced reasoning abilities. In theory, autoregressive LLMs with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) can perform more serial computations to solve complex reasoning tasks. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rishi Hazra , Gabriele Venturato , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Math reasoning has become the poster child of progress in large language models (LLMs), with new models rapidly surpassing human-level performance on benchmarks like MATH and AIME. But as math leaderboards improve week by week, it is worth…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Maggie Huan , Yuetai Li , Tuney Zheng , Xiaoyu Xu , Seungone Kim , Minxin Du , Radha Poovendran , Graham Neubig , Xiang Yue

Reasoning Large Language Models (RLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on complex tasks, largely due to the adoption of Long Chain-of-Thought (Long CoT) reasoning. However, they often exhibit overthinking -- performing unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Yuanxin Ouyang , Meng Fang , Dacheng Tao

Large language models have shown remarkable reasoning abilities and scaling laws suggest that large parameter count, especially along the depth axis, is the primary driver. In this work, we make a stronger claim -- many reasoning problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Nikunj Saunshi , Nishanth Dikkala , Zhiyuan Li , Sanjiv Kumar , Sashank J. Reddi

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

A prevailing narrative in LLM post-training holds that supervised finetuning (SFT) memorizes while reinforcement learning (RL) generalizes. We revisit this claim for reasoning SFT with long chain-of-thought (CoT) supervision and find that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Qihan Ren , Peng Wang , Ruikun Cai , Shuai Shao , Dadi Guo , Yuejin Xie , Yafu Li , Quanshi Zhang , Xia Hu , Jing Shao , Dongrui Liu

Large reasoning models (LRMs) excel on complex problems but face a critical barrier to efficiency: reinforcement learning (RL) training requires long rollouts for outcome-based rewards, where autoregressive decoding dominates time and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zeliang Zhang , Xiaodong Liu , Hao Cheng , Hao Sun , Chenliang Xu , Jianfeng Gao
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