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Active materials are capable of converting free energy into mechanical work to produce autonomous motion, and exhibit striking collective dynamics that biology relies on for essential functions. Controlling those dynamics and transport in…

Collective control of mobile microrobotic swarms is indispensable for their potential high-impact applications in targeted drug delivery, medical diagnostics, parallel micromanipulation, and environmental sensing and remediation. Lack of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-07-26 Berk Yigit , Yunus Alapan , Metin Sitti

Legged locomotion is a highly promising but under-researched subfield within the field of soft robotics. The compliant limbs of soft-limbed robots offer numerous benefits, including the ability to regulate impacts, tolerate falls, and…

Many soft-body organisms found in nature flourish underwater. Similarly, soft robots are potentially well-suited for underwater environments partly because the problematic effects of gravity, friction, and harmonic oscillations are less…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-07 W. David Null , Y Z

We present an innovative robotic device designed to provide controlled motion for studying active matter. Motion is driven by an internal vibrator powered by a small rechargeable battery. The system integrates acoustic and magnetic sensors…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 M. Noirhomme , I. Mammadli , N. Vanesse , J. Pande , A. -S. Smith , N. Vandewalle

Living microorganisms have evolved dedicated sensory machinery to detect environmental perturbations, processing these signals through biochemical networks to guide behavior. Replicating such capabilities in synthetic active matter remains…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-25 Diptabrata Paul , Nikola Milosevic , Nico Scherf , Frank Cichos

Natural active systems routinely reshape and reorganize their environments through sustained local interactions. Examples of decentralized collective construction are common in nature, e.g., many insects achieve large-scale constructions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-04 Yuchen Xi , Tom Marzin , P. -T. Brun

Micro-robots for, e.g., biomedical applications, need to be equipped with motility strategies that enable them to navigate through complex environments. Inspired by biological microorganisms we recreate motility patterns such as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-13 Christoph Lohrmann , Christian Holm

Programming physical intelligence into mechanisms holds great promise for machines that can accomplish tasks such as navigation of unstructured environments while utilizing a minimal amount of computational resources and electronic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Leon M. Kamp , Mohamed Zanaty , Ahmad Zareei , Benjamin Gorissen , Robert J. Wood , Katia Bertoldi

Droplets, sub-millilitre liquid volumes with at least one interface, have traditionally served as compartments for storing, transporting, and delivering materials. Beyond familiar applications in food, coatings, and consumer goods, they…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-16 Joe Forth , Robert Malinowski , Giorgio Volpe

Soft machines display shape adaptation to external circumstances due to their intrinsic compliance. To achieve increasingly more responsive behaviors upon interactions without relying on centralized computation, embodying memory directly in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-29 Alberto Comoretto , Tanaya Mandke , Johannes T. B. Overvelde

Living organisms interact with their surroundings in a closed-loop fashion, where sensory inputs dictate the initiation and termination of behaviours. Even simple animals are able to develop and execute complex plans, which has not yet been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Giulia Lafratta , Bernd Porr , Christopher Chandler , Alice Miller

This paper introduces a novel approach to interactive robots by leveraging the form-factor of cards to create thin robots equipped with vibrational capabilities for locomotion and haptic feedback. The system is composed of flat-shaped…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Aditya Retnanto , Emilie Faracci , Anup Sathya , Yukai Hung , Ken Nakagaki

Magnetic microrobots can be navigated by an external magnetic field to autonomously move within living organisms with complex and unstructured environments. Potential applications include drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yongyi Jia , Shu Miao , Junjian Zhou , Niandong Jiao , Lianqing Liu , Xiang Li

With the fast and unstoppable evolution of robotics and artificial intelligence, effective autonomous navigation in real-world scenarios has become one of the most pressing challenges in the literature. However, demanding requirements, such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-11 A. Novo , F. Lobon , H. G. De Marina , S. Romero , F. Barranco

Micromobility, which utilizes lightweight mobile machines moving in urban public spaces, such as delivery robots and mobility scooters, emerges as a promising alternative to vehicular mobility. Current micromobility depends mostly on human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Wayne Wu , Honglin He , Chaoyuan Zhang , Jack He , Seth Z. Zhao , Ran Gong , Quanyi Li , Bolei Zhou

If robots are to become ubiquitous, they will need to be able to adapt to complex and dynamic environments. Robots that can adapt their bodies while deployed might be flexible and robust enough to meet this challenge. Previous work on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Tønnes F. Nygaard , Charles P. Martin , Jim Torresen , Kyrre Glette

Animals achieve robust locomotion by offloading regulation from the brain to physical couplings within the body. In contrast, locomotion in artificial systems often depends on centralized processors. We introduce a rapid and autonomous…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-16 Alberto Comoretto , Harmannus A. H. Schomaker , Johannes T. B. Overvelde

Interactions between active individuals in animal collectives lead to emergent responses that remain elusive in synthetic soft matter. Here, shape-morphing polymers are used to create bio-inspired transient solids that self-assemble with…

Cooperative motion in biological microswimmers is crucial for their survival as it facilitates adhesion to surfaces, formation of hierarchical colonies, efficient motion, and enhanced access to nutrients. Synthetic microswimmers currently…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-04-12 Stefania Ketzetzi , Melissa Rinaldin , Pim Dröge , Joost de Graaf , Daniela J. Kraft