English
Related papers

Related papers: Memory Tokens: Large Language Models Can Generate …

200 papers

Massively multilingual sentence representation models, e.g., LASER, SBERT-distill, and LaBSE, help significantly improve cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the use of a large amount of data or inefficient model architectures results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Zhuoyuan Mao , Chenhui Chu , Sadao Kurohashi

Recent research has extensively studied how large language models manipulate integers in specific arithmetic tasks, and on a more fundamental level, how they represent numeric values. These previous works have found that language model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Alex O. Davies , Roussel Nzoyem , Nirav Ajmeri , Telmo M. Silva Filho

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to produce very high-quality tests and responses to our queries. But how much can we trust this generated text? In this paper, we study the problem of uncertainty quantification in LLMs. We propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Muhammad Mubashar , Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal , Fabio Cuzzolin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to memorize portions of their training data, sometimes even reproduce content verbatim when prompted appropriately. Despite substantial interest, existing LLM memorization research has offered limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yizhan Huang , Zhe Yang , Meifang Chen , Huang Nianchen , Jianping Zhang , Michael R. Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) call for extension of context to handle many critical applications. However, the existing approaches are prone to expensive costs and inferior quality of context extension. In this work, we propose Extensible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ninglu Shao , Shitao Xiao , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang

Masked Language Models (MLM) are self-supervised neural networks trained to fill in the blanks in a given sentence with masked tokens. Despite the tremendous success of MLMs for various text based tasks, they are not robust for spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Mahdi Namazifar , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani Tür

Language models can be viewed as functions that embed text into Euclidean space, where the quality of the embedding vectors directly determines model performance, training such neural networks involves various uncertainties. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Yifei Duan , Raphael Shang , Deng Liang , Yongqiang Cai

We introduce a novel evaluation framework for Large Language Models (LLMs) such as \textsc{Llama-2} and \textsc{Mistral}, focusing on importing Precision and Recall metrics from image generation to text generation. This approach allows for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Florian Le Bronnec , Alexandre Verine , Benjamin Negrevergne , Yann Chevaleyre , Alexandre Allauzen

Sequential Recommender Systems (SRS), which model a user's interaction history to predict the next item of interest, are widely used in various applications. However, existing SRS often struggle with low-popularity items, a challenge known…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Wanyu Wang , Yejing Wang , Yuanshao Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Feng Tian , Yefeng Zheng

Despite deep recurrent neural networks (RNNs) demonstrate strong performance in text classification, training RNN models are often expensive and requires an extensive collection of annotated data which may not be available. To overcome the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Xueying Bai , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Language is typically modelled with discrete sequences. However, the most successful approaches to language modelling, namely neural networks, are continuous and smooth function approximators. In this work, we show that Transformer-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Samuele Marro , Davide Evangelista , X. Angelo Huang , Emanuele La Malfa , Michele Lombardi , Michael Wooldridge

Rational decision-making under uncertainty requires coherent degrees of belief in events. However, event probabilities generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to exhibit incoherence, violating the axioms of probability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jian-Qiao Zhu , Haijiang Yan , Thomas L. Griffiths

The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are widely regarded as relying on autoregressive models (ARMs). We challenge this notion by introducing LLaDA, a diffusion model trained from scratch under the pre-training and supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shen Nie , Fengqi Zhu , Zebin You , Xiaolu Zhang , Jingyang Ou , Jun Hu , Jun Zhou , Yankai Lin , Ji-Rong Wen , Chongxuan Li

In the large language model (LLM) revolution, embedding is a key component of various systems, such as retrieving knowledge or memories for LLMs or building content moderation filters. As such cases span from English to other natural or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xin Zhang , Zehan Li , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Meishan Zhang , Min Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly improved text embeddings for a growing array of natural-language processing tasks. However, their opaqueness and proliferation into scientific domains such as neuroscience have created a growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Vinamra Benara , Chandan Singh , John X. Morris , Richard Antonello , Ion Stoica , Alexander G. Huth , Jianfeng Gao

Large language models (LLMs) are capable of performing conditional sequence generation tasks, such as translation or summarization, through instruction fine-tuning. The fine-tuning data is generally sequentially concatenated from a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Yijin Liu , Xianfeng Zeng , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold transformative potential in aviation, particularly in reconstructing flight trajectories. This paper investigates this potential, grounded in the notion that LLMs excel at processing sequential data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Qilei Zhang , John H. Mott

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in natural language processing but are prone to memorizing portions of their training data, which can compromise evaluation metrics, raise privacy concerns, and limit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Eduardo Slonski

Large language models face challenges in long-context question answering, where key evidence of a query may be dispersed across millions of tokens. Existing works equip large language models with a memory buffer that is dynamically updated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Siyuan Wang , Sihang Li , Hengxing Cai , Qi Gu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang