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Fault-tolerant quantum computing requires classical hardware to perform the decoding necessary for error correction. The Union-Find decoder is one of the best candidates for this. It has remarkably organic characteristics, involving the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-15 Tim Chan , Simon C. Benjamin

In fault-tolerant quantum computing, soft outputs from real-time decoders play a crucial role in improving decoding accuracy, post-selecting magic states, and accelerating lattice surgery. A recent paper by Meister et al. [arXiv:2405.07433…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Kaito Kishi , Riki Toshio , Jun Fujisaki , Hirotaka Oshima , Shintaro Sato , Keisuke Fujii

We present a new decoding algorithm based on error locating pairs and correcting an amount of errors exceeding half the minimum distance. When applied to Reed--Solomon or algebraic geometry codes, the algorithm is a reformulation of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Alain Couvreur , Isabella Panaccione

The minimum weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoder is the standard decoding strategy for quantum surface codes. However, it suffers a harsh decrease in performance when subjected to biased or non-identical quantum noise. In this work, we…

Product codes (PCs) protect a two-dimensional array of bits using short component codes. Assuming transmission over the binary symmetric channel, the decoding is commonly performed by iteratively applying bounded-distance decoding to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Christian Häger , Henry D. Pfister

Efficient and realistic error decoding is crucial for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) on near-term devices. While decoding is a classical post-processing task, its effectiveness depends on accurately modeling quantum noise, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Yi Tian , Y. Zheng , Xiaoting Wang , Ching-Yi Lai

Quantum error-correcting codes protect fragile quantum information by encoding it redundantly, but identifying codes that perform well in practice with minimal overhead remains difficult due to the combinatorial search space and the high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Yihua Chengyu , Richard Meister , Conor Carty , Sheng-Ku Lin , Roberto Bondesan

Color codes are a class of topological quantum codes with a high error threshold and large set of transversal encoded gates, and are thus suitable for fault tolerant quantum computation in two-dimensional architectures. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-17 Pradeep Sarvepalli , Robert Raussendorf

Efficient decoding to estimate error locations from outcomes of syndrome measurement is the prerequisite for quantum error correction. Decoding in presence of circuit-level noise including measurement errors should be considered in case of…

The color code is remarkable for its ability to perform fault-tolerant logic gates. This motivates the design of practical decoders that minimise the resource cost of color-code quantum computation. Here we propose a decoder for the planar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-20 Kaavya Sahay , Benjamin J. Brown

The recently proposed Successive-Cancellation List Flip (SCLF) decoding algorithm for polar codes improves the error-correcting performance of state-of-the-art SC List (SCL) decoding. However, it comes at the cost of a higher complexity. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Charles Pillet , Ilshat Sagitov , Grégoire Domer , Pascal Giard

The code that combines channel estimation and error protection has received general attention recently, and has been considered a promising methodology to compensate multi-path fading effect. It has been shown by simulations that such code…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-12-18 Chia-Lung Wu , Po-Ning Chen , Yunghsiang S. Han , Ming-Hsin Kuo

Universal multiport interferometers (UMIs) have emerged as a key tool for performing arbitrary linear transformations on optical modes, enabling precise control over the state of light in essential applications of classical and quantum…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-23 Vincent Girouard , Nicolás Quesada

Union-free codes and disjunctive codes are two combinatorial structures, which are used in nonadaptive group testing to find a set of $d$ defective elements among $n$ samples by carrying out the minimal number of tests $t$. It is known that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Ilya Vorobyev

Polar codes are a class of linear block codes that provably achieves channel capacity, and have been selected as a coding scheme for $5^{\rm th}$ generation wireless communication standards. Successive-cancellation (SC) decoding of polar…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Carlo Condo , Furkan Ercan , Warren J. Gross

We propose a decoding algorithm for the $(u\mid u+v)$-construction that decodes up to half of the minimum distance of the linear code. We extend this algorithm for a class of matrix-product codes in two different ways. In some cases, one…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Fernando Hernando , Diego Ruano

The inevitable presence of decoherence effects in systems suitable for quantum computation necessitates effective error-correction schemes to protect information from noise. We compute the stability of the toric code to depolarization by…

Decoding algorithms are essential to fault-tolerant quantum-computing architectures. In this perspective we explore decoding algorithms for the surface code; a prototypical quantum low-density parity-check code that underlies many of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-29 Benjamin J. Brown

Exponential error bounds for the finite-alphabet interference channel (IFC) with two transmitter-receiver pairs, are investigated under the random coding regime. Our focus is on optimum decoding, as opposed to heuristic decoding rules that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-10-14 Raul Etkin , Neri Merhav , Erik Ordentlich

Topological error correcting codes, and particularly the surface code, currently provide the most feasible roadmap towards large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. As such, obtaining fast and flexible decoding algorithms for these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Ryan Sweke , Markus S. Kesselring , Evert P. L. van Nieuwenburg , Jens Eisert