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We present swarm-attack, an open-source adversarial testing framework in which multiple lightweight LLM agents coordinate through shared memory, parallel exploration, and evolutionary optimization. Together, our results demonstrate that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Michael A. Riegler , Inga Strümke

Ensuring the safety of large language models (LLMs) is paramount, yet identifying potential vulnerabilities is challenging. While manual red teaming is effective, it is time-consuming, costly and lacks scalability. Automated red teaming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Bojian Jiang , Yi Jing , Tianhao Shen , Tong Wu , Qing Yang , Deyi Xiong

We introduce MLRC-Bench, a benchmark designed to quantify how effectively language agents can tackle challenging Machine Learning (ML) Research Competitions, with a focus on open research problems that demand novel methodologies. Unlike…

Red teaming assesses how large language models (LLMs) can produce content that violates norms, policies, and rules set during their safety training. However, most existing automated methods in the literature are not representative of the…

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various natural language processing tasks but remain vulnerable to generating harmful content or being exploited for malicious purposes. Although safety alignment datasets have been introduced to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Xiaorui Wu , Xiaofeng Mao , Fei Li , Xin Zhang , Xuanhong Li , Chong Teng , Donghong Ji , Zhuang Li

The advancement of large language model (LLM) based agents has shifted AI evaluation from single-turn response assessment to multi-step task completion in interactive environments. We present an empirical study evaluating frontier AI models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Logan Ritchie , Sushant Mehta , Nick Heiner , Mason Yu , Edwin Chen

Large language model-powered code agents are rapidly transforming software engineering, yet the security risks of their generated code have become a critical concern. Existing benchmarks have provided valuable insights, but they fail to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Junkai Chen , Huihui Huang , Yunbo Lyu , Junwen An , Jieke Shi , Chengran Yang , Ting Zhang , Haoye Tian , Yikun Li , Zhenhao Li , Xin Zhou , Xing Hu , David Lo

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising knowledge and reasoning abilities, yet their performance in multilingual and low-resource settings remains underexplored. Existing benchmarks often exhibit cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Khanh-Tung Tran , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Red-teaming, or identifying prompts that elicit harmful responses, is a critical step in ensuring the safe and responsible deployment of large language models (LLMs). Developing effective protection against many modes of attack prompts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Seanie Lee , Minsu Kim , Lynn Cherif , David Dobre , Juho Lee , Sung Ju Hwang , Kenji Kawaguchi , Gauthier Gidel , Yoshua Bengio , Nikolay Malkin , Moksh Jain

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their dual-use potential in cybersecurity. Existing evaluation frameworks overwhelmingly focus on Information Technology (IT) environments, failing to capture the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Gustav Keppler , Moritz Gstür , Veit Hagenmeyer

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled transformative advancements across diverse applications but remain susceptible to safety threats, especially jailbreak attacks that induce harmful outputs. To systematically evaluate and…

The progress of humanity is driven by those successful discoveries accompanied by countless failed experiments. Researchers often seek the potential research directions by reading and then verifying them through experiments. The process…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Haotian Chen , Xinjie Shen , Zeqi Ye , Wenjun Feng , Haoxue Wang , Xiao Yang , Xu Yang , Weiqing Liu , Jiang Bian

Ensuring the safety and reliability of large language models (LLMs) in clinical practice is critical to prevent patient harm. However, LLMs are advancing so rapidly that static benchmarks quickly become obsolete or prone to overfitting,…

Despite rapid progress on AI benchmarks, the real-world meaning of benchmark performance remains unclear. To quantify the capabilities of AI systems in terms of human capabilities, we propose a new metric: 50%-task-completion time horizon.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities as autonomous agents, yet existing benchmarks either focus on single-agent tasks or are confined to narrow domains, failing to capture the dynamics of multi-agent coordination…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Kunlun Zhu , Hongyi Du , Zhaochen Hong , Xiaocheng Yang , Shuyi Guo , Zhe Wang , Zhenhailong Wang , Cheng Qian , Xiangru Tang , Heng Ji , Jiaxuan You

AI systems are increasingly able to autonomously conduct realistic software engineering tasks, and may soon be deployed to automate machine learning (ML) R&D itself. Frontier AI systems may be deployed in safety-critical settings, including…

As software becomes increasingly complex and prone to vulnerabilities, automated vulnerability detection is critically important, yet challenging. Given the significant successes of large language models (LLMs) in various tasks, there is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Zeyu Gao , Hao Wang , Yuchen Zhou , Wenyu Zhu , Chao Zhang

Modern SoC datapaths include deeply pipelined, domain-specific accelerators, but their RTL implementation and verification are still mostly done by hand. While large language models (LLMs) exhibit advanced code-generation abilities for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Suresh Purini , Siddhant Garg , Mudit Gaur , Sankalp Bhat , Sohan Mupparapu , Arun Ravindran

Existing AI benchmarks for software automation rarely combine cross-application coordination, autonomous API discovery, and policy adherence. Real business workflows demand all three: a single task may span a CRM, inbox, calendar, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Daniel Shepard , Robin Salimans

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents has expanded the scope of AI coding from localized code generation to complex, repository-level, and execution-driven problem solving. However, current benchmarks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Jie Yang , Honglin Guo , Li Ji , Jiazheng Zhou , Rui Zheng , Zhikai Lei , Shuo Zhang , Zhiheng Xi , Shichun Liu , Yuxin Wang , Bo Wang , Yining Zheng , Tao Gui , Xipeng Qiu