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It has been established in recent work that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be prompted to "self-play" conversational games that probe certain capabilities (general instruction following, strategic goal orientation, language understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Anne Beyer , Kranti Chalamalasetti , Sherzod Hakimov , Brielen Madureira , Philipp Sadler , David Schlangen

To improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), researchers have explored providing LLMs with textual task-solving experience via prompts. However, they rely on manual efforts to acquire and apply such experience for each task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Yiming Cui , Jianbai Zhao , Hepeng Wang , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Grasping the concept of time is a fundamental facet of human cognition, indispensable for truly comprehending the intricacies of the world. Previous studies typically focus on specific aspects of time, lacking a comprehensive temporal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zheng Chu , Jingchang Chen , Qianglong Chen , Weijiang Yu , Haotian Wang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

An essential problem in artificial intelligence is whether LLMs can simulate human cognition or merely imitate surface-level behaviors, while existing datasets suffer from either synthetic reasoning traces or population-level aggregation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yuxuan Gu , Lunjun Liu , Xiaocheng Feng , Kun Zhu , Weihong Zhong , Lei Huang , Bing Qin

We present a new approach for benchmarking Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities on research-level mathematics. Existing benchmarks largely rely on static, hand-curated sets of contest or textbook-style problems as proxies for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Antoine Peyronnet , Fabian Gloeckle , Amaury Hayat

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in multi-agent negotiation tasks, yet evaluation in this domain remains challenging due to a lack of robust and generalizable benchmarks. Abdelnabi et al. (2024) introduce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jorge Carrasco Pollo , Ioannis Kapetangeorgis , Joshua Rosenthal , John Hua Yao

The rapid advancement of LLMs sparked significant interest in their potential to augment or automate managerial functions. One of the most recent trends in AI benchmarking is performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) over longer time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Berdymyrat Ovezmyradov

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on reasoning benchmarks, yet their ability to solve real-world problems requiring end-to-end workflows remains unclear. Mathematical modeling competitions provide a stringent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuhang Liu , Heyan Huang , Yizhe Yang , Hongyan Zhao , Zhizhuo Zeng , Yang Gao

Objective and scalable measurement of teaching quality is a persistent challenge in education. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential, general-purpose models have struggled to reliably apply complex, authentic classroom…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Michael Hardy

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into critical real-world applications, their strategic and logical reasoning abilities are increasingly crucial. This paper evaluates LLMs' reasoning abilities in competitive environments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jinhao Duan , Renming Zhang , James Diffenderfer , Bhavya Kailkhura , Lichao Sun , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal , Tianlong Chen , Kaidi Xu

Reasoning is a fundamental capability of large language models (LLMs), enabling them to comprehend, analyze, and solve complex problems. In this paper, we introduce TextGames, an innovative benchmark specifically crafted to assess LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Frederikus Hudi , Genta Indra Winata , Ruochen Zhang , Alham Fikri Aji

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) holds promise for reforming the methodology of spatio-temporal data mining. However, current works for evaluating the spatio-temporal understanding capability of LLMs are somewhat limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Wenbin Li , Di Yao , Ruibo Zhao , Wenjie Chen , Zijie Xu , Chengxue Luo , Chang Gong , Quanliang Jing , Haining Tan , Jingping Bi

Large language models (LLMs), a recent advance in deep learning and machine intelligence, have manifested astonishing capacities, now considered among the most promising for artificial general intelligence. With human-like capabilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Zhilun Zhou , Jing Yi Wang , Nicholas Sukiennik , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Yong Li , James Evans

This study explores the potential of large language models (LLMs) to conduct market experiments, aiming to understand their capability to comprehend competitive market dynamics. We model the behavior of market agents in a controlled…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Jingru Jia , Zehua Yuan

Evaluation of large language model (LLM) outputs requires users to make critical judgments about the best outputs across various configurations. This process is costly and takes time given the large amounts of data. LLMs are increasingly…

Large language models (LLMs) can perform reasoning computations both internally within their latent space and externally by generating explicit token sequences like chains of thought. Significant progress in enhancing reasoning abilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Thilo Hagendorff , Sarah Fabi

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly participate in human-AI interactions, evaluating their Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities - particularly their ability to track dynamic mental states - becomes crucial. While existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yang Xiao , Jiashuo Wang , Qiancheng Xu , Changhe Song , Chunpu Xu , Yi Cheng , Wenjie Li , Pengfei Liu

Decision-making is a complex process requiring diverse abilities, making it an excellent framework for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs). Researchers have examined LLMs' decision-making through the lens of Game Theory. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jen-tse Huang , Eric John Li , Man Ho Lam , Tian Liang , Wenxuan Wang , Youliang Yuan , Wenxiang Jiao , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Michael R. Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown impressive performance on tasks involving reasoning, leading to a lively debate on whether these models possess reasoning capabilities similar to humans. However, despite these successes, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Philipp Mondorf , Barbara Plank

Evaluating the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) is challenging. Existing benchmarks often depend on static datasets, which are vulnerable to data contamination and may get saturated over time, or on binary live human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Lanxiang Hu , Qiyu Li , Anze Xie , Nan Jiang , Ion Stoica , Haojian Jin , Hao Zhang