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The rapid advancement of deepfake technology poses a significant threat to digital media integrity. Deepfakes, synthetic media created using AI, can convincingly alter videos and audio to misrepresent reality. This creates risks of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Kashish Gandhi , Prutha Kulkarni , Taran Shah , Piyush Chaudhari , Meera Narvekar , Kranti Ghag

Audio watermarking embeds auxiliary information into speech while maintaining speaker identity, linguistic content, and perceptual quality. Although recent advances in neural and digital signal processing-based watermarking methods have…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yigitcan Özer , Wanying Ge , Zhe Zhang , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi

Modern software relies on a multitude of automated testing and quality assurance tools to prevent errors, bugs and potential vulnerabilities. This study sets out to provide a head-to-head, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of six…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Damian Gnieciak , Tomasz Szandala

The rapid advancement of fake voice generation technology has ignited a race with detection systems, creating an urgent need to secure the audio ecosystem. However, existing benchmarks suffer from a critical limitation: they typically…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Xutao Mao , Ke Li , Cameron Baird , Ezra Xuanru Tao , Dan Lin

Audio watermarking is essential for verifying speech authenticity, yet single-watermark schemes often struggle against sophisticated distortions such as neural reconstruction and adversarial attacks. To address this limitation, we introduce…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Zheqi Yuan , Yucheng Huang , Guangzhi Sun , Zengrui Jin , Chao Zhang

Neural models enjoy widespread use across a variety of tasks and have grown to become crucial components of many industrial systems. Despite their effectiveness and extensive popularity, they are not without their exploitable flaws.…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Krishan Rajaratnam , Jugal Kalita

Current state-of-the-art (SOTA) codec-based audio synthesis systems can mimic anyone's voice with just a 3-second sample from that specific unseen speaker. Unfortunately, malicious attackers may exploit these technologies, causing misuse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Haibin Wu , Yuan Tseng , Hung-yi Lee

Watermarking has emerged as a promising technique for detecting texts generated by LLMs. Current research has primarily focused on three design criteria: high quality of the watermarked text, high detectability, and robustness against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Li An , Yujian Liu , Yepeng Liu , Yang Zhang , Yuheng Bu , Shiyu Chang

Deepfake represents a category of face-swapping attacks that leverage machine learning models such as autoencoders or generative adversarial networks. Although the concept of the face-swapping is not new, its recent technical advances make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Chaofei Yang , Lei Ding , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Deepfake speech utterances can be forged by replacing one or more words in a bona fide utterance with semantically different words synthesized with speech-generative models. While a dedicated synthetic word detector could be developed, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Hoan My Tran , Xin Wang , Wanying Ge , Xuechen Liu , Junichi Yamagishi

Along with the widespread use of face recognition systems, their vulnerability has become highlighted. While existing face anti-spoofing methods can be generalized between attack types, generic solutions are still challenging due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Kaicheng Li , Hongyu Yang , Binghui Chen , Pengyu Li , Biao Wang , Di Huang

Neural speech editing enables seamless partial edits to speech utterances, allowing modifications to selected content while preserving the rest of the audio unchanged. This useful technique, however, also poses new risks of deepfakes. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 You Zhang , Baotong Tian , Lin Zhang , Zhiyao Duan

The rapid spread of media content synthesis technology and the potentially damaging impact of audio and video deepfakes on people's lives have raised the need to implement systems able to detect these forgeries automatically. In this work…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Luigi Attorresi , Davide Salvi , Clara Borrelli , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

Deep learning models have been used for a wide variety of tasks. They are prevalent in computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition, and other areas. While these models have worked well under many scenarios, it has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Daniel Steinberg , Paul Munro

The conventional speaker recognition frameworks (e.g., the i-vector and CNN-based approach) have been successfully applied to various tasks when the channel of the enrolment dataset is similar to that of the test dataset. However, in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-26 Xin Fang , Liang Zou , Jin Li , Lei Sun , Zhen-Hua Ling

With the advancement of audio generation, generative models can produce highly realistic audios. However, the proliferation of deepfake general audio can pose negative consequences. Therefore, we propose a new task, deepfake general audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zeyu Xie , Baihan Li , Xuenan Xu , Zheng Liang , Kai Yu , Mengyue Wu

Latent diffusion models have exhibited considerable potential in generative tasks. Watermarking is considered to be an alternative to safeguard the copyright of generative models and prevent their misuse. However, in the context of model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Liangqi Lei , Keke Gai , Jing Yu , Liehuang Zhu , Qi Wu

Generative models achieve remarkable results in multiple data domains, including images and texts, among other examples. Unfortunately, malicious users exploit synthetic media for spreading misinformation and disseminating deepfakes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Tom Or , Omri Azencot

Pretrained language models have significantly advanced performance across various natural language processing tasks. However, adversarial attacks continue to pose a critical challenge to systems built using these models, as they can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhenhao Li , Huichi Zhou , Marek Rei , Lucia Specia

Diffusion Models (DMs) have achieved remarkable success in realistic voice cloning (VC), while they also increase the risk of malicious misuse. Existing proactive defenses designed for traditional VC models aim to disrupt the forgery…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Qianyue Hu , Junyan Wu , Wei Lu , Xiangyang Luo