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Deep neural networks for chest X-ray classification achieve strong average performance, yet often underperform for specific demographic subgroups, raising critical concerns about clinical safety and equity. Existing debiasing methods…

Accurate and reliable histopathological image classification is essential for breast cancer diagnosis. However, many deep learning models remain sensitive to magnification variability and lack interpretability. To address these challenges,…

The current state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) for Alzheimer's Disease diagnosis use different biomarker combinations to classify patients, but do not allow extracting knowledge about the interactions of biomarkers. However, to…

The task here is to predict the toxicological activity of chemical compounds based on the Tox21 dataset, a benchmark in computational toxicology. After a domain-specific overview of chemical toxicity, we discuss current computational…

Deep learning has been recently used for the analysis of neuroimages, such as structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI, and positron emission tomography (PET), and has achieved significant performance improvements over…

Recently, machine learning techniques especially predictive modeling and pattern recognition in biomedical sciences from drug delivery system to medical imaging has become one of the important methods which are assisting researchers to have…

Current Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) methods mainly depend on medical images. The clinical information, which usually needs to be considered in practical clinical diagnosis, has not been fully employed in CAD. In this paper, we propose a…

It is acknowledged that the most common cause of dementia worldwide is Alzheimer's disease (AD). This condition progresses in severity from mild to severe and interferes with people's everyday routines. Early diagnosis plays a critical role…

Brain stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, underscoring the need for precise and rapid prediction techniques. Computed Tomography (CT) scan is considered one of the most effective methods for diagnosing…

Brain tumor segmentation models have aided diagnosis in recent years. However, they face MRI complexity and variability challenges, including irregular shapes and unclear boundaries, leading to noise, misclassification, and incomplete…

Automated methods for Alzheimer's disease (AD) classification have the potential for great clinical benefits and may provide insight for combating the disease. Machine learning, and more specifically deep neural networks, have been shown to…

Automated skin lesion classification using deep learning has shown remarkable accuracy, yet clinical adoption remains limited due to the "black box" nature of these models. We present MelanomaNet, an explainable deep learning system for…

The use of deep learning (DL) in medical image analysis has significantly improved the ability to predict lung cancer. In this study, we introduce a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model, named ResNet+, which is based on the…

Until now, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, lung diseases, especially diseases such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have become an urgent global health issue. In order to mitigate the goal…

Rising breast cancer (BC) occurrence and mortality are major global concerns for women. Deep learning (DL) has demonstrated superior diagnostic performance in BC classification compared to human expert readers. However, the predominant use…

A plethora of deep learning models have been developed for the task of Alzheimer's disease classification from brain MRI scans. Many of these models report high performance, achieving three-class classification accuracy of up to 95%.…

In this paper, we describe our method for classification of brain magnetic resonance (MR) images into different abnormalities and healthy classes based on the deep neural network. We propose our method to detect high and low-grade glioma,…

Lung and colon cancer are serious worldwide health challenges that require early and precise identification to reduce mortality risks. However, diagnosis, which is mostly dependent on histopathologists' competence, presents difficulties and…

Automated brain lesions detection is an important and very challenging clinical diagnostic task because the lesions have different sizes, shapes, contrasts, and locations. Deep Learning recently has shown promising progress in many…

One of the most serious corneal disorders, keratoconus is difficult to diagnose in its early stages and can result in blindness. This illness, which often appears in the second decade of life, affects people of all sexes and races.…