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Modern data centers suffer from a growing carbon footprint due to insufficient support for environmental sustainability. While hardware accelerators and renewable energy have been utilized to enhance sustainability, addressing Quality of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Fan Chen

In this paper we outline the results of a project to evaluate the total climate/carbon impact of a digital research infrastructure for a defined snapshot period. We outline the carbon model used to calculate the impact and the data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Adrian Jackson , Jon Hays , Alex Owen , Nicholas Walton , Alison Packer , Anish Mudaraddi

The rapid expansion of cloud computing and data center infrastructure has led to significant energy consumption, posing environmental challenges due to the growing carbon footprint. This research explores energy-aware management strategies…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Rabab Khan Rongon , Krishna Das

Scientific workflows are critical to scientific data analysis and often involve computationally intensive processing of large datasets on compute clusters. As such, their execution tends to be long-running and resource-intensive, resulting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kathleen West , Youssef Moawad , Fabian Lehmann , Vasilis Bountris , Ulf Leser , Yehia Elkhatib , Lauritz Thamsen

The need and theoretical methods for measuring and reducing CO2 emitted by computing systems are well understood, but real-world examples are still limited. We describe a journey towards green software for a live product running on a public…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 James Uther

Cloud computing has become the de facto paradigm for delivering software to system users, with organizations and enterprises of all sizes making use of cloud services in some way. On the surface, adopting the cloud appears to be a very…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Richard Westerhof , Richard Atherton , Vasilios Andrikopoulos

To meet the increasing demand for cloud computing services, the scale and number of data centers keeps increasing worldwide. This growth comes at the cost of increased electricity consumption, which directly correlates to CO2 emissions, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Matteo Zanotto , Leonardo Vicentini , Redi Vreto , Francesco Lumpp , Diego Braga , Sandro Fiore

The unsustainable take-make-dispose linear economy prevalent in healthcare contributes 4.4% to global Greenhouse Gas emissions. A popular but not yet widely-embraced solution is to remanufacture common single-use medical devices like…

Applications · Statistics 2023-02-10 Julia A. Meister , Jack Sharp , and Yan Wang , Khuong An Nguyen

Computing is at a moment of profound opportunity. Emerging applications -- such as capable artificial intelligence, immersive virtual realities, and pervasive sensor systems -- drive unprecedented demand for computer. Despite recent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Benjamin C. Lee , David Brooks , Arthur van Benthem , Udit Gupta , Gage Hills , Vincent Liu , Benjamin Pierce , Christopher Stewart , Emma Strubell , Gu-Yeon Wei , Adam Wierman , Yuan Yao , Minlan Yu

We present an analytical model to evaluate the reductions in emissions resulting from geographic load shifting. This model is optimistic as it ignores issues of grid capacity, demand and curtailment. In other words, real-world reductions…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Wim Vanderbauwhede

This paper presents a framework to estimate the environmental impact of solar electric vehicles, accounting for the emissions caused by photovoltaic system production as well as vehicle use. We leverage a cradle-to-gate life cycle…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-15 Maurizio Clemente , Luuk van Sundert , Mauro Salazar , Theo Hofman

While researchers in both industry and academia are racing to build Quantum Computing (QC) platforms with viable performance and functionality, the environmental impacts of this endeavor, such as its carbon footprint, e-waste generation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-14 Nivedita Arora , Prem Kumar

Decades of progress in energy-efficient and low-power design have successfully reduced the operational carbon footprint in the semiconductor industry. However, this has led to an increase in embodied emissions, encompassing carbon emissions…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Chetan Choppali Sudarshan , Nikhil Matkar , Sarma Vrudhula , Sachin S. Sapatnekar , Vidya A. Chhabria

To halt further climate change, computing, along with the rest of society, must reduce, and eventually eliminate, its carbon emissions. Recently, many researchers have focused on estimating and optimizing computing's \emph{embodied carbon},…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Noman Bashir , David Irwin , Prashant Shenoy

Data centers (DCs) can help decarbonize the power grid by helping absorb renewable power (e.g., wind and solar) due to their ability to shift power loads across space and time. However, to harness such load-shifting flexibility, it is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-15 Weiqi Zhang , Line A. Roald , Victor M. Zavala

Tackling climate change by reducing and eventually eliminating carbon emissions is a significant milestone on the path toward establishing an environmentally sustainable society. As we transition into the exascale era, marked by an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Mohak Chadha , Eishi Arima , Amir Raoofy , Michael Gerndt , Martin Schulz

The increasing demand for Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing poses significant environmental challenges, with both operational and embodied carbon emissions becoming major contributors. This paper presents a carbon-aware holistic…

Technology use has grown rapidly in recent years. It is infused in virtually every aspect of organizational and individual life. This technology runs on servers, typically in data centers. As workloads grow, more serves are required. Each…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Kaushik Dutta , Debra Vandermeer

Environmental sustainability is crucial for Integrated Circuits (ICs) across their lifecycle, particularly in manufacturing and use. Meanwhile, ICs using 3D/2.5D integration technologies have emerged as promising solutions to meet the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Yujie Zhao , Yang Zhao , Cheng Wan , Yingyan Lin

The rapid growth of data centers is increasing energy demand and widening the carbon gap in the ICT sector, as fossil fuels still dominate global energy production. Addressing this challenge requires collaboration across research, policy,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Rubén Rodríguez Álvarez , Denisa-Andreea Constantinescu , Miguel Peón-Quirós , David Atienza