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Non-linear operations such as GELU, Layer normalization, and Softmax are essential yet costly building blocks of Transformer models. Several prior works simplified these operations with look-up tables or integer computations, but such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Joonsang Yu , Junki Park , Seongmin Park , Minsoo Kim , Sihwa Lee , Dong Hyun Lee , Jungwook Choi

Current AI training infrastructure is dominated by single instruction multiple data (SIMD) and systolic array architectures, such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), that excel at accelerating parallel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Jan Finkbeiner , Thomas Gmeinder , Mark Pupilli , Alexander Titterton , Emre Neftci

Operator fusion has become a key optimization for deep learning, which combines multiple deep learning operators to improve data reuse and reduce global memory transfers. However, existing tensor compilers struggle to fuse complex reduction…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yifan Zhao , Egan Johnson , Prasanth Chatarasi , Vikram Adve , Sasa Misailovic

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of machine learning tasks. There is growing interest in training transformers on resource-constrained edge devices due to considerations such as privacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayi Tian , Jinming Lu , Hai Li , Xiangwei Wang , Cong Hao , Ian Young , Zheng Zhang

We present the Tensor Train Multiplication (TTM) algorithm for the elementwise multiplication of two tensor trains with bond dimension $\chi$. The computational complexity and memory requirements of the TTM algorithm scale as $\chi^3$ and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-10-30 Alexios A Michailidis , Christian Fenton , Martin Kiffner

Spatiotemporal predictive learning aims to generate future frames by learning from historical frames. In this paper, we investigate existing methods and present a general framework of spatiotemporal predictive learning, in which the spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Cheng Tan , Zhangyang Gao , Lirong Wu , Yongjie Xu , Jun Xia , Siyuan Li , Stan Z. Li

Running machine learning inference on tiny devices, known as TinyML, is an emerging research area. This task requires generating inference code that uses memory frugally, a task that standard ML frameworks are ill-suited for. A deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Shikhar Jaiswal , Rahul Kiran Kranti Goli , Aayan Kumar , Vivek Seshadri , Rahul Sharma

In this paper, we propose TensorFHE, an FHE acceleration solution based on GPGPU for real applications on encrypted data. TensorFHE utilizes Tensor Core Units (TCUs) to boost the computation of Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), which is the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Shengyu Fan , Zhiwei Wang , Weizhi Xu , Rui Hou , Dan Meng , Mingzhe Zhang

Processing-in-memory (PIM) has emerged as a promising solution for accelerating memory-intensive workloads as they provide high memory bandwidth to the processing units. This approach has drawn attention not only from the academic community…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Dongjae Lee , Bongjoon Hyun , Taehun Kim , Minsoo Rhu

Recent advances in high-resolution CT-imaging technology are creating a new class of ultra-high resolved micro-structural datasets that challenge the limits of traditional homogenization approaches. While state-of-the-art FFT-based…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-10 Sascha H. Hauck , Matthias Kabel , Nicolas R. Gauger

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) on consumer edge devices is throttled by the "Memory Wall" -- the prohibitive bandwidth and energy cost of fetching gigabytes of model weights from DRAM for every token generated. Current…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Fang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have pushed the frontier of artificial intelligence but are comprised of hundreds of billions of parameters and operations. For faster inference latency, LLMs are deployed on multiple hardware accelerators…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jan Hansen-Palmus , Michael Truong Le , Oliver Hausdörfer , Alok Verma

Restoring images distorted by atmospheric turbulence is a ubiquitous problem in long-range imaging applications. While existing deep-learning-based methods have demonstrated promising results in specific testing conditions, they suffer from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-12 Xingguang Zhang , Zhiyuan Mao , Nicholas Chimitt , Stanley H. Chan

IoT devices based on microcontroller units (MCU) provide ultra-low power consumption and ubiquitous computation for near-sensor deep learning models (DNN). However, the memory of MCU is usually 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than mobile…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Size Zheng , Renze Chen , Meng Li , Zihao Ye , Luis Ceze , Yun Liang

Using medical imaging as case-study, we demonstrate how Intel-optimized TensorFlow on an x86-based server equipped with 2nd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable Processors with large system memory allows for the training of memory-intensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 David Ojika , Bhavesh Patel , G. Anthony Reina , Trent Boyer , Chad Martin , Prashant Shah

Computation-intensive tensor operators constitute over 90\% of the computations in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Deep Neural Networks.Automatically and efficiently generating high-performance tensor operators with hardware primitives is…

A neural network based flexible object manipulation system for a humanoid robot on FPGA is proposed. Although the manipulations of flexible objects using robots attract ever increasing attention since these tasks are the basic and essential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Satoshi Ohara , Tetsuya Ogata , Hiromitsu Awano

Neural Turing Machines (NTM) contain memory component that simulates "working memory" in the brain to store and retrieve information to ease simple algorithms learning. So far, only linearly organized memory is proposed, and during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Wei Zhang , Yang Yu , Bowen Zhou

Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) allows lock-free programming as easy as with traditional coarse-grain locks or similar, while benefiting from the performance advantages of fine-grained locking. Many HTM implementations have been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Konstantinos Kafousis

Large-scale tensor network simulations are crucial for developing robust complexity-theoretic bounds on classical quantum simulation, enabling circuit cutting approaches, and optimizing circuit compilation, all of which aid efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Aaron C. Hoyt , Jonathan S. Bersson , Sean Garner , Chenxu Liu , Ang Li