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LLMs promise to transform unit test generation from a manual burden into an automated solution. Yet, beyond metrics such as compilability or coverage, little is known about the quality of LLM-generated tests, particularly their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo , Yinghua Li , Xueqi Dang , Xunzhu Tang , Anil Koyuncu , Jacques Klein , David Lo , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Test smells are coding issues that typically arise from inadequate practices, a lack of knowledge about effective testing, or deadline pressures to complete projects. The presence of test smells can negatively impact the maintainability and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Keila Lucas , Rohit Gheyi , Elvys Soares , Márcio Ribeiro , Ivan Machado

The design and implementation of unit tests is a complex task many programmers neglect. This research evaluates the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automatically generating test cases, comparing them with manual tests. An…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Martín Rodríguez , Gustavo Rossi , Alejandro Fernandez

Context: Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-5 and LLaMA-405b exhibit advanced code generation abilities, but their deployment demands substantial computation resources and energy. Quantization can reduce memory footprint and hardware…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Eric L. Melin , Adam J. Torek , Nasir U. Eisty , Casey Kennington

Software testing is a crucial aspect of software development, and the creation of high-quality tests that adhere to best practices is essential for effective maintenance. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Benjamin Steenhoek , Michele Tufano , Neel Sundaresan , Alexey Svyatkovskiy

Testing is an integral part of the software development process. Yet, writing tests is time-consuming and therefore often neglected. Classical test generation tools such as EvoSuite generate behavioral test suites by optimizing for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Nikitha Rao , Kush Jain , Uri Alon , Claire Le Goues , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Code generation with Large Language Models (LLMs) has been extensively studied and achieved remarkable progress. As a complementary aspect to code generation, test case generation is of crucial importance in ensuring the quality and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Kefan Li , Yuan Yuan

Research on using Large Language Models (LLMs) in system development is expanding, especially in automated code and test generation. While E2E testing is vital for ensuring application quality, most test generation research has focused on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Takuro Morimoto , Harumi Haraguchi

This study examined code issue detection and revision automation by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4o into software development workflows. A static code analysis framework detects issues such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Seyed Moein Abtahi , Akramul Azim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular choice for many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks due to their versatility and ability to produce high-quality results. Specifically, they are increasingly used for automatic code…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Jessica López Espejel , Mahaman Sanoussi Yahaya Alassan , Merieme Bouhandi , Walid Dahhane , El Hassane Ettifouri

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to their widespread application in automated code generation. However, these models can still generate defective code that deviates from the specification. Previous research has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 QiHong Chen , Jiachen Yu , Jiawei Li , Jiecheng Deng , Justin Tian Jin Chen , Iftekhar Ahmed

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot have revolutionized automated code generation in software engineering. However, as these models are increasingly utilized for software development, concerns have arisen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ahmad Mohsin , Helge Janicke , Adrian Wood , Iqbal H. Sarker , Leandros Maglaras , Naeem Janjua

Search-based test generators are effective at producing unit tests with high coverage. However, such automatically generated tests have no meaningful test and variable names, making them hard to understand and interpret by developers. On…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matteo Biagiola , Gianluca Ghislotti , Paolo Tonella

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used by software engineers for code generation. However, limitations of LLMs such as irrelevant or incorrect code have highlighted the need for prompt programming (or prompt engineering) where…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Ranim Khojah , Francisco Gomes de Oliveira Neto , Mazen Mohamad , Philipp Leitner

Unit testing is an essential activity in software development for verifying the correctness of software components. However, manually writing unit tests is challenging and time-consuming. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Lin Yang , Chen Yang , Shutao Gao , Weijing Wang , Bo Wang , Qihao Zhu , Xiao Chu , Jianyi Zhou , Guangtai Liang , Qianxiang Wang , Junjie Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

Large Language Models (LLMs) are nowadays extensively used for various types of software engineering tasks, primarily code generation. Previous research has shown how suitable prompt engineering could help developers in improving their code…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities for code generation. While existing benchmarks evaluate the correctness and efficiency of LLM-generated code, the potential linguistic bias - where code quality varies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Weipeng Jiang , Xuanqi Gao , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma , Xiaoyu Zhang , Ziyan Lei , Chao Shen

Generating unit tests is a crucial task in software development, demanding substantial time and effort from programmers. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) introduces a novel avenue for unit test script generation. This research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Shreya Bhatia , Tarushi Gandhi , Dhruv Kumar , Pankaj Jalote

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools with potential applications in various fields, including software engineering. Within the scope of this research, we evaluate five different state-of-the-art LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Luis Mayer , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher