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Models capable of "thinking with images" by dynamically grounding their reasoning in visual evidence represent a major leap in multimodal AI. However, replicating and advancing this ability is non-trivial, with current methods often trapped…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhaoyang Wei , Wenchao Ding , Yanchao Hao , Xi Chen

In this letter, we investigate the discrete phase shift design of the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) in a time division duplexing (TDD) multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system.We modify the design of deep reinforcement…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Fengyu Zhao , Wen Chen , Ziwei Liu , Jun Li , Qingqing Wu

An artificial neuron is modelled as a weighted summation followed by an activation function which determines its output. A wide variety of activation functions such as rectified linear units (ReLU), leaky-ReLU, Swish, MISH, etc. have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Fayyaz ul Amir Afsar Minhas , Amina Asif

In this paper, we present a novel neural network for MIMO symbol detection. It is motivated by several important considerations in wireless communication systems; permutation equivariance and a variable number of users. The neural detector…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-26 Kumar Pratik , Bhaskar D. Rao , Max Welling

This paper presents a novel dual-functional hybrid Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) for simultaneous sensing and reconfigurable reflections. We design a novel hybrid unit cell featuring dual elements, which share the same phase…

Transformer-based models have gained significant traction in sequential recommender systems (SRSs) for their ability to capture user-item interactions effectively. However, these models often suffer from high computational costs and slow…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Sheng Zhang , Maolin Wang , Wanyu Wang , Jingtong Gao , Xiangyu Zhao , Yu Yang , Xuetao Wei , Zitao Liu , Tong Xu

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is one of the promising techniques for 6G wireless communications, and recently has also been shown to be able to improve secure communications. However, there is a "double fading" effect in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Weigang Lv , Jiale Bai , Qingli Yan , Hui-Ming Wang

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has been deemed as one of potential components of future wireless communication systems because it can adaptively manipulate the wireless propagation environment with low-cost passive devices.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Yanan Ma , Ming Li , Yang Liu , Qingqing Wu , Qian Liu

Bistatic backscatter communication (BackCom) allows passive tags to transmit over extended ranges, but at the cost of having carrier emitters either transmitting at high powers or being deployed very close to tags. In this paper, we examine…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Xiaolun Jia , Xiangyun Zhou , Dusit Niyato , Jun Zhao

Motivated by the growing theoretical understanding of neural networks that employ the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) as their activation function, we revisit the use of ReLU activation functions for learning implicit neural representations…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-05 Joseph Shenouda , Yamin Zhou , Robert D. Nowak

Recent advancements in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have predominantly focused on training paradigms like supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL). However, the challenge of high-dynamic GUI environments remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Enqi Liu , Liyuan Pan , Zhi Gao , Yan Yang , Chenrui Shi , Yang Liu , Jingrong Wu , Qing Li

Quantifying integrated information is a leading approach towards building a fundamental theory of consciousness. Integrated Information Theory (IIT) has gained attention in this regard due to its theoretically strong framework. However, it…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-15 Mohit Virmani , Nithin Nagaraj

By moving from massive antennas to antenna surfaces for software-defined wireless systems, the reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) rely on arrays of unit cells to control the scattering and reflection profiles of signals, mitigating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-22 Brian Kim , Tugba Erpek , Yalin E. Sagduyu , Sennur Ulukus

In this paper, we present a novel approach to modeling long-term dependencies in sequential data by introducing a gated recurrent unit (GRU) with a weighted time-delay feedback mechanism. Our proposed model, named $\tau$-GRU, is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 N. Benjamin Erichson , Soon Hoe Lim , Michael W. Mahoney

We describe a framework of hybrid cognition by formulating a hybrid cognitive agent that performs hierarchical active inference across a human and a machine part. We suggest that, in addition to enhancing human cognitive functions with an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-08 André Ofner , Sebastian Stober

Understanding an agent's goals from its behavior is fundamental to aligning AI systems with human intentions. Existing goal recognition methods typically rely on an optimal goal-oriented policy representation, which may differ from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Osher Elhadad , Felipe Meneguzzi , Reuth Mirsky

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) recovers reward functions from observed behavior, yet traditional methods assume a single stationary reward that cannot capture goal switching within an episode. Recent multi-intention IRL methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Wenyuan Sheng , Hao Zhu , Joschka Boedecker

The rapid adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating content creation and modification. For example, variations of a given content, be it text or images, can be created almost instantly and at a low cost. This will…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Javier Conde , Miguel González , Gonzalo Martínez , Fernando Moral , Elena Merino-Gómez , Pedro Reviriego

A potential candidate technology for the development of future 6G networks has been recognized as Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS). However, due to the variation in radio link quality, traditional passive RISs only accomplish a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Rashed Hasan Ratul , Muhammad Iqbal , Tabinda Ashraf , Jen-Yi Pan , Yi-Han Wang , Shao-Yu Lien

We present ReflexGrad, a dual-process architecture for within-episode failure recovery in LLM agents without demonstrations. When agents commit to a wrong approach early and exhaust the step budget, the post-failure trajectory contains the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ankush Kadu , Aswanth Krishnan