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Language models for code (CodeLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for code-related tasks, outperforming traditional methods and standard machine learning approaches. However, these models are susceptible to security vulnerabilities, drawing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuchen Chen , Weisong Sun , Chunrong Fang , Zhenpeng Chen , Yifei Ge , Tingxu Han , Quanjun Zhang , Yang Liu , Zhenyu Chen , Baowen Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities across various software engineering tasks; however, their effectiveness in code migration, adapting code to run in different environments, remains insufficiently studied. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Keyuan Cheng , Xudong Shen , Yihao Yang , Tengyue Wang , Yang Cao , Muhammad Asif Ali , Hanbin Wang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Library migration is the process of replacing one library with another library that provides similar functionality. Manual library migration is time consuming and error prone, as it requires developers to understand the APIs of both…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Md Mohayeminul Islam , Ajay Kumar Jha , May Mahmoud , Ildar Akhmetov , Sarah Nadi

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their coding capabilities. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focused on simplified or isolated aspects of coding, such as single-file code generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Bowen Li , Wenhan Wu , Ziwei Tang , Lin Shi , John Yang , Jinyang Li , Shunyu Yao , Chen Qian , Binyuan Hui , Qicheng Zhang , Zhiyin Yu , He Du , Ping Yang , Dahua Lin , Chao Peng , Kai Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly assessed based on their common sense reasoning, language comprehension, and logical reasoning abilities. While models trained in specialized domains like mathematics or coding have demonstrated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Danny Brahman , Mohammad Mahoor

The LLM Agent, equipped with a code interpreter, is capable of automatically solving real-world coding tasks, such as data analysis and image editing. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on either simplistic tasks, such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Yaolun Zhang , Yinxu Pan , Yudong Wang , Jie Cai

With the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been a significant improvement in the programming capabilities of models, attracting growing attention from researchers. Evaluating the programming capabilities of LLMs is…

The rapid proliferation of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has introduced unprecedented security challenges, particularly in phishing detection within academic environments. Academic institutions and researchers are high-value…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jingzhuo Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry due to their remarkable performance in various applications such as visual question answering, visual perception, understanding, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Jian Li , Weiheng Lu , Hao Fei , Meng Luo , Ming Dai , Min Xia , Yizhang Jin , Zhenye Gan , Ding Qi , Chaoyou Fu , Ying Tai , Wankou Yang , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many tasks of software engineering, yet progress in leveraging them for vulnerability discovery has stalled in recent years. To understand this phenomenon, we investigate LLMs through the lens of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Felix Weissberg , Lukas Pirch , Erik Imgrund , Jonas Möller , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Konrad Rieck

There is a rapidly growing number of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) and benchmark datasets to compare them. While some models dominate these benchmarks, no single model typically achieves the best accuracy in all tasks and use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Tal Shnitzer , Anthony Ou , Mírian Silva , Kate Soule , Yuekai Sun , Justin Solomon , Neil Thompson , Mikhail Yurochkin

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in code generation, yet their true programming competence remains underexplored. We introduce the Code Triangle framework, which systematically evaluates LLMs across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Taolin Zhang , Zihan Ma , Maosong Cao , Junnan Liu , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

As software grows increasingly complex, the quantity and diversity of concerns to be addressed also rises. To answer this diversity of concerns, developers may end up using multiple programming languages in a single software project, a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Philémon Houdaille , Djamel Eddine Khelladi , Benoit Combemale , Gunter Mussbacher , Tijs van der Storm

Code large language models (CodeLLMs) and agents are increasingly being integrated into complex software engineering tasks spanning the entire Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Benchmarking is critical for rigorously evaluating these…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kaixin Wang , Tianlin Li , Xiaoyu Zhang , Chong Wang , Weisong Sun , Yang Liu , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu , Chao Shen , Bin Shi

Large language models (LLMs) are now an integral part of software development workflows and are reshaping the whole process. Traditional technology stack selection has not caught up. Most of the existing selection methods focus solely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xiaoyu Zhang , Weipeng Jiang , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma , Qingshuang Bao , Chenhao Lin , Chao Shen , Tianlin Li , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled multi-agent systems to perform autonomous code generation for complex tasks. Despite the recent growth in research and industrial applications in this area, there is little work on synthesizing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zeeshan Rasheeda , Muhammad Waseema , Kai-Kristian Kemella , Mika Saari , Pekka Abrahamsson

Large Language Model (LLM) libraries have emerged as the foundational infrastructure powering today's AI revolution, serving as the backbone for LLM deployment, inference optimization, fine-tuning, and production serving across diverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Weipeng Jiang , Xiaoyu Zhang , Xiaofei Xie , Jiongchi Yu , Yuhan Zhi , Shiqing Ma , Chao Shen

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like GitHub, introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jiexin Wang , Liuwen Cao , Xitong Luo , Zhiping Zhou , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in front-end code generation. However, existing benchmarks exhibit several critical limitations: many tasks are overly simplistic, test cases often lack rigor, and end-to-end…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Hongda Zhu , Yiwen Zhang , Bing Zhao , Jingzhe Ding , Siyao Liu , Tong Liu , Dandan Wang , Yanan Liu , Zhaojian Li