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In this paper, our goal is to characterize two graph classes based on the properties of minimal vertex (edge) separators. We first present a structural characterization of graphs in which every minimal vertex separator is a stable set. We…
Two graphs are cospectral if their respective adjacency matrices have the same multiset of eigenvalues, and generalized cospectral if they are cospectral and so are their complements. We study generalized cospectrality in relation to…
Trophic coherence and non-normality are both ways of describing the overall directionality of directed graphs, or networks. Trophic coherence can be regarded as a measure of how neatly a graph can be divided into distinct layers, whereas…
The recently introduced graphical continuous Lyapunov models provide a new approach to statistical modeling of correlated multivariate data. The models view each observation as a one-time cross-sectional snapshot of a multivariate dynamic…
In multivariate statistics, acyclic mixed graphs with directed and bidirected edges are widely used for compact representation of dependence structures that can arise in the presence of hidden (i.e., latent or unobserved) variables. Indeed,…
In this paper we explore mathematical tools that can be used to relate directed and undirected random graph models to each other. We identify probability spaces on which a directed and an undirected graph model are equivalent, and…
We investigate the relationship between the structure of a discrete graphical model and the support of the inverse of a generalized covariance matrix. We show that for certain graph structures, the support of the inverse covariance matrix…
Conduction graphs are defined here in order to elucidate at a glance the often complicated conduction behaviour of molecular graphs as ballistic molecular conductors. The graph $G^{\mathrm C}$ describes all possible conducting devices…
We derive standard imsets for undirected graphical models and chain graphical models. Standard imsets for undirected graphical models are described in terms of minimal triangulations for maximal prime subgraphs of the undirected graphs. For…
It is well known that the edge vector space of an oriented graph can be decomposed in terms of cycles and cocycles (alias cuts, or bonds), and that a basis for the cycle and the cocycle spaces can be generated by adding and removing edges…
Coloring the vertices of a graph G subject to given conditions can be considered as a random experiment and corresponding to this experiment, a discrete random variable X can be defined as the colour of a vertex chosen at random, with…
Standard diffusion models are flexible estimators of complex distributions, but they do not encode causal structures and therefore do not by themselves support causal analysis. We propose a causality-encoded diffusion framework that…
Causal discovery from i.i.d. observational data is known to be generally ill-posed. We demonstrate that if we have access to the distribution {induced} by a structural causal model, and additional data from (in the best case) \textit{only…
Given a vertex-weighted oriented graph, we can associate to it a set of monomials. We consider the toric ideal whose defining map is given by these monomials. We find a generating set for the toric ideal for certain classes of graphs which…
A graph is circle if its vertices are in correspondence with a family of chords in a circle in such a way that every two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding chords have nonempty intersection. Even though there…
Let $X = \{X_{u}\}_{u \in U}$ be a real-valued Gaussian process indexed by a set $U$. It can be thought of as an undirected graphical model with every random variable $X_{u}$ serving as a vertex. We characterize this graph in terms of the…
The edges of the characteristic imset polytope, $\operatorname{CIM}_p$, were recently shown to have strong connections to causal discovery as many algorithms could be interpreted as greedy restricted edge-walks, even though only a strict…
We show that attaching a whisker (or a pendant) at the vertices of a cycle cover of a graph results in a new graph with the following property: all symbolic powers of its cover ideal are Koszul or, equivalently, componentwise linear. This…
A colored Gaussian graphical model is a linear concentration model in which equalities among the concentrations are specified by a coloring of an underlying graph. Marigliano and Davies conjectured that every linear binomial that appears in…
In this paper, the problem of matching pairs of correlated random graphs with multi-valued edge attributes is considered. Graph matching problems of this nature arise in several settings of practical interest including social network…