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Despite the strong capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to acquire knowledge from their training corpora, the memorization of sensitive information in the corpora such as copyrighted, biased, and private content has led to ethical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 James Y. Huang , Wenxuan Zhou , Fei Wang , Fred Morstatter , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

This paper describes a testing methodology for quantitatively assessing the risk that rare or unique training-data sequences are unintentionally memorized by generative sequence models---a common type of machine-learning model. Because such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Nicholas Carlini , Chang Liu , Úlfar Erlingsson , Jernej Kos , Dawn Song

Personal digital data is a critical asset, and governments worldwide have enforced laws and regulations to protect data privacy. Data users have been endowed with the right to be forgotten of their data. In the course of machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Na Li , Chunyi Zhou , Yansong Gao , Hui Chen , Anmin Fu , Zhi Zhang , Yu Shui

Machine unlearning has emerged as a prevalent technical solution for selectively removing unwanted knowledge absorbed during pre-training, without requiring full retraining. While recent unlearning techniques can effectively remove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Myeongseob Ko , Hoang Anh Just , Charles Fleming , Ming Jin , Ruoxi Jia

In Machine Learning, the emergence of \textit{the right to be forgotten} gave birth to a paradigm named \textit{machine unlearning}, which enables data holders to proactively erase their data from a trained model. Existing machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Yi Liu , Lei Xu , Xingliang Yuan , Cong Wang , Bo Li

Machine unlearning (MU) for large language models (LLMs), commonly referred to as LLM unlearning, seeks to remove specific undesirable data or knowledge from a trained model, while maintaining its performance on standard tasks. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiwei Chen , Soumyadeep Pal , Yimeng Zhang , Qing Qu , Sijia Liu

Machine unlearning has become an important area of research due to an increasing need for machine learning (ML) applications to comply with the emerging data privacy regulations. It facilitates the provision for removal of certain set or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Vikram S Chundawat , Ayush K Tarun , Murari Mandal , Mohan Kankanhalli

Machine learning has attracted widespread attention and evolved into an enabling technology for a wide range of highly successful applications, such as intelligent computer vision, speech recognition, medical diagnosis, and more. Yet a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

Removing information from a machine learning model is a non-trivial task that requires to partially revert the training process. This task is unavoidable when sensitive data, such as credit card numbers or passwords, accidentally enter the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Alexander Warnecke , Lukas Pirch , Christian Wressnegger , Konrad Rieck

Recent unlearning methods for LLMs are vulnerable to relearning attacks: knowledge believed-to-be-unlearned re-emerges by fine-tuning on a small set of (even seemingly-unrelated) examples. We study this phenomenon in a controlled setting…

In this paper we consider algorithm unfolding for the Multiple Measurement Vector (MMV) problem in the case where only few training samples are available. Algorithm unfolding has been shown to empirically speed-up in a data-driven way the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jan Christian Hauffen , Peter Jung , Nicole Mücke

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably memorize sensitive, copyrighted, and harmful knowledge from the training corpus; therefore, it is crucial to erase this knowledge from the models. Machine unlearning is a promising solution for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zhuoran Jin , Pengfei Cao , Chenhao Wang , Zhitao He , Hongbang Yuan , Jiachun Li , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

The rise of the phenomenon of the "right to be forgotten" has prompted research on machine unlearning, which grants data owners the right to actively withdraw data that has been used for model training, and requires the elimination of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Yifu Sun , Chuanyao Zhang , Jing Xiao

During pretraining, LLMs inadvertently memorize sensitive or copyrighted data, posing significant compliance challenges under legal frameworks like the GDPR and the EU AI Act. Fulfilling these mandates demands techniques that can remove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Efstratios Zaradoukas , Bardh Prenkaj , Gjergji Kasneci

We investigate the effectiveness of Explainable AI (XAI) in verifying Machine Unlearning (MU) within the context of harbor front monitoring, focusing on data privacy and regulatory compliance. With the increasing need to adhere to privacy…

Deleting data from a trained machine learning (ML) model is a critical task in many applications. For example, we may want to remove the influence of training points that might be out of date or outliers. Regulations such as EU's General…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Zachary Izzo , Mary Anne Smart , Kamalika Chaudhuri , James Zou

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities, they increasingly face demands to unlearn memorized privacy-sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful content. Existing unlearning methods primarily focus on \emph{single-shot}…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xiaoyu Xu , Minxin Du , Kun Fang , Yaxin Xiao , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu

Large language models (LLMs) possess strong semantic understanding, driving significant progress in data mining applications. This is further enhanced by large reasoning models (LRMs), which provide explicit multi-step reasoning traces. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Aobo Chen , Chenxu Zhao , Chenglin Miao , Mengdi Huai

Machine Unlearning is an emerging paradigm for selectively removing the impact of training datapoints from a network. Unlike existing methods that target a limited subset or a single class, our framework unlearns all classes in a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Samuele Poppi , Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

With recent legislation on the right to be forgotten, machine unlearning has emerged as a crucial research area. It facilitates the removal of a user's data from federated trained machine learning models without the necessity for retraining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Houzhe Wang , Xiaojie Zhu , Chi Chen , Paulo Esteves-Veríssimo
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