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Detecting online sexual predatory behaviours and abusive language on social media platforms has become a critical area of research due to the growing concerns about online safety, especially for vulnerable populations such as children and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Campbell Wilson , Janis Dalins

Automatic detection of hate and abusive language is essential to combat its online spread. Moreover, recognising and explaining hate speech serves to educate people about its negative effects. However, most current detection models operate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Paloma Piot , Javier Parapar

With the proliferation of social media, accurate detection of hate speech has become critical to ensure safety online. To combat nuanced forms of hate speech, it is important to identify and thoroughly explain hate speech to help users…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Yongjin Yang , Joonkee Kim , Yujin Kim , Namgyu Ho , James Thorne , Se-young Yun

The proliferation of hate speech on social media necessitates automated detection systems that balance accuracy with computational efficiency. This study evaluates 38 model configurations in detecting hate speech across datasets ranging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Mahmoud Abusaqer , Jamil Saquer , Hazim Shatnawi

Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for scalable analysis of online discourse. Yet their use in multilingual social science research remains constrained by model size, cost and linguistic bias. We develop a lightweight,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Andrea Nasuto , Stefano Maria Iacus , Francisco Rowe , Devika Jain

Hateful meme detection presents a significant challenge as a multimodal task due to the complexity of interpreting implicit hate messages and contextual cues within memes. Previous approaches have fine-tuned pre-trained vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ming Shan Hee , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

The advent of social media has given rise to numerous ethical challenges, with hate speech among the most significant concerns. Researchers are attempting to tackle this problem by leveraging hate-speech detection and employing language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Pranath Reddy Kumbam , Sohaib Uddin Syed , Prashanth Thamminedi , Suhas Harish , Ian Perera , Bonnie J. Dorr

The enormous amount of data being generated on the web and social media has increased the demand for detecting online hate speech. Detecting hate speech will reduce their negative impact and influence on others. A lot of effort in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Hind Saleh , Areej Alhothali , Kawthar Moria

Hateful memes have become a significant concern on the Internet, necessitating robust automated detection systems. While Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown promise in hateful meme detection, they face notable challenges like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jingbiao Mei , Jinghong Chen , Guangyu Yang , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne

The rise of emergence of social media platforms has fundamentally altered how people communicate, and among the results of these developments is an increase in online use of abusive content. Therefore, automatically detecting this content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Khouloud Mnassri , Praboda Rajapaksha , Reza Farahbakhsh , Noel Crespi

Language identification of social media text has been an interesting problem of study in recent years. Social media messages are predominantly in code mixed in non-English speaking states. Prior knowledge by pre-training contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Mohd Zeeshan Ansari , M M Sufyan Beg , Tanvir Ahmad , Mohd Jazib Khan , Ghazali Wasim

Detecting hateful content is a challenging and important problem. Automated tools, like machine-learning models, can help, but they require continuous training to adapt to the ever-changing landscape of social media. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Jay Patel , Hrudayangam Mehta , Jeremy Blackburn

Warning: This paper contains examples of the language that some people may find offensive. Detecting and reducing hateful, abusive, offensive comments is a critical and challenging task on social media. Moreover, few studies aim to mitigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Neeraj Kumar Singh , Koyel Ghosh , Joy Mahapatra , Utpal Garain , Apurbalal Senapati

The proliferation of hate speech on Chinese social media poses urgent societal risks, yet traditional systems struggle to decode context-dependent rhetorical strategies and evolving slang. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel three-stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Binglin Wu , Jiaxiu Zou , Xianneng Li

The success of social media platforms has facilitated the emergence of various forms of online abuse within digital communities. This abuse manifests in multiple ways, including hate speech, cyberbullying, emotional abuse, grooming, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Jose A. Diaz-Garcia , Joao Paulo Carvalho

The fairness and trustworthiness of Large Language Models (LLMs) are receiving increasing attention. Implicit hate speech, which employs indirect language to convey hateful intentions, occupies a significant portion of practice. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Min Zhang , Jianfeng He , Taoran Ji , Chang-Tien Lu

Organizations increasingly depend on endpoint devices and corporate communication channels, yet they still face critical risks such as sensitive data leakage, suspicious user behavior, and the circulation of hateful or harmful language in…

Data annotation, the practice of assigning descriptive labels to raw data, is pivotal in optimizing the performance of machine learning models. However, it is a resource-intensive process susceptible to biases introduced by annotators. The…

Generated hateful and toxic content by a portion of users in social media is a rising phenomenon that motivated researchers to dedicate substantial efforts to the challenging direction of hateful content identification. We not only need an…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Marzieh Mozafari , Reza Farahbakhsh , Noel Crespi

Social media has become a bedrock for people to voice their opinions worldwide. Due to the greater sense of freedom with the anonymity feature, it is possible to disregard social etiquette online and attack others without facing severe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Arushi Sharma , Anubha Kabra , Minni Jain