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Semi-supervised learning (SSL) uses unlabeled data during training to learn better models. Previous studies on SSL for medical image segmentation focused mostly on improving model generalization to unseen data. In some applications,…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a growing torrent that has recently transformed machine learning and its many real world applications, by learning on massive amounts of unlabeled data via self-generated supervisory signals. Unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Leman Akoglu , Jaemin Yoo

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is a paradigm that leverages unlabeled data for model training. Empirical studies show that SSL can achieve promising performance in distribution shift scenarios, where the downstream and training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Xuyang Zhao , Tianqi Du , Yisen Wang , Jun Yao , Weiran Huang

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is an important paradigm for learning representations from unlabelled data, and SSL with neural networks has been highly successful in practice. However current theoretical analysis of SSL is mostly restricted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Pascal Esser , Satyaki Mukherjee , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar

The capability of the traditional semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods is far from real-world application due to severely biased pseudo-labels caused by (1) class imbalance and (2) class distribution mismatch between labeled and unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Youngtaek Oh , Dong-Jin Kim , In So Kweon

Self-supervised learning (SSL) excels at finding general-purpose latent representations from complex data, yet lacks a unifying theoretical framework that explains the diverse existing methods and guides the design of new ones. We cast SSL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Fabian A Mikulasch , Friedemann Zenke

Computationally expensive training strategies make self-supervised learning (SSL) impractical for resource constrained industrial settings. Techniques like knowledge distillation (KD), dynamic computation (DC), and pruning are often used to…

Detecting whether examples belong to a given in-distribution or are Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) requires identifying features specific to the in-distribution. In the absence of labels, these features can be learned by self-supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Nima Rafiee , Rahil Gholamipoorfard , Nikolas Adaloglou , Simon Jaxy , Julius Ramakers , Markus Kollmann

Artificial intelligence (AI) is anticipated to play a pivotal role in 6G. However, a key challenge in developing AI-powered solutions is the extensive data collection and labeling efforts required to train supervised deep learning models.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Ogechukwu Kanu , Ashkan Eshaghbeigi , Hatem Abou-Zeid

Recent developments for Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SSOD) have shown the promise of leveraging unlabeled data to improve an object detector. However, thus far these methods have assumed that the unlabeled data does not contain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Yen-Cheng Liu , Chih-Yao Ma , Xiaoliang Dai , Junjiao Tian , Peter Vajda , Zijian He , Zsolt Kira

The problem of fully supervised classification is that it requires a tremendous amount of annotated data, however, in many datasets a large portion of data is unlabeled. To alleviate this problem semi-supervised learning (SSL) leverages the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Ehsan Kazemi

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a class of supervised learning tasks and techniques that also exploits the unlabeled data for training. SSL significantly reduces labeling related costs and is able to handle large data sets. The primary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Eftychios Protopapadakis

Given an unlabeled dataset and an annotation budget, we study how to selectively label a fixed number of instances so that semi-supervised learning (SSL) on such a partially labeled dataset is most effective. We focus on selecting the right…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Xudong Wang , Long Lian , Stella X. Yu

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is essential in real-world applications, which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, most existing OOD detection methods require many labeled In-Distribution (ID) data, causing a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yi-Xuan Sun , Wei Wang

Deep neural networks have been widely used in communication signal recognition and achieved remarkable performance, but this superiority typically depends on using massive examples for supervised learning, whereas training a deep neural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Weidong Wang , Hongshu Liao , Lu Gan

Deep learning on graphs has recently achieved remarkable success on a variety of tasks, while such success relies heavily on the massive and carefully labeled data. However, precise annotations are generally very expensive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Stan. Z. Li

Software vulnerabilities (SVs) have become a common, serious, and crucial concern to safety-critical security systems. That leads to significant progress in the use of AI-based methods for software vulnerability detection (SVD). In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Van Nguyen , Xingliang Yuan , Tingmin Wu , Surya Nepal , Marthie Grobler , Carsten Rudolph

Unsupervised out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to identify out-of-domain data by learning only from unlabeled In-Distribution (ID) training samples, which is crucial for developing a safe real-world machine learning system. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ying Yang , De Cheng , Chaowei Fang , Yubiao Wang , Changzhe Jiao , Lechao Cheng , Nannan Wang

Nowadays, supervised deep learning techniques yield the best state-of-the-art prediction performances for a wide variety of computer vision tasks. However, such supervised techniques generally require a large amount of manually labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Florent Chiaroni , Mohamed-Cherif Rahal , Nicolas Hueber , Frederic Dufaux

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for the reliable deployment of machine learning models in real-world scenarios, enabling the identification of unknown samples or objects. A prominent approach to enhance OOD detection…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-05 Heng Gao , Jun Li