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Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized both general natural language processing and domain-specific applications such as code synthesis, legal reasoning, and finance. However, while prior studies have explored individual model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Gunjan Das , Paheli Bhattacharya , Rishabh Gupta

Recent generations of language models have introduced Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) that generate detailed thinking processes before providing answers. While these models demonstrate improved performance on reasoning benchmarks, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Parshin Shojaee , Iman Mirzadeh , Keivan Alizadeh , Maxwell Horton , Samy Bengio , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Recent advances in reasoning with large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on complex mathematical tasks, including combinatorial optimization. Techniques such as Chain-of-Thought and In-Context Learning have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marylou Fauchard , Florian Carichon , Margarida Carvalho , Golnoosh Farnadi

LLMs have made significant progress in the field of mathematical reasoning, but whether they have true the mathematical understanding ability is still controversial. To explore this issue, we propose a new perturbation framework to evaluate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Zhishen Sun , Guang Dai , Ivor Tsang , Haishan Ye

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of applications especially when augmented by external knowledge through retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Despite their widespread adoption, recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tianzhe Zhao , Jiaoyan Chen , Shuxiu Zhang , Haiping Zhu , Qika Lin , Jun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in code-related tasks like code generation, but benchmark evaluations often overlook task characteristics, such as difficulty. Moreover, benchmarks are usually built using tasks described with a single…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Florian Tambon , Amin Nikanjam , Cyrine Zid , Foutse Khomh , Giuliano Antoniol

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in medicine has enabled impressive capabilities, yet a critical gap remains in their ability to perform systematic, transparent, and verifiable reasoning, a cornerstone of clinical practice.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Wenxuan Wang , Zizhan Ma , Meidan Ding , Shiyi Zheng , Shengyuan Liu , Jie Liu , Jiaming Ji , Wenting Chen , Xiang Li , Linlin Shen , Yixuan Yuan

Despite recent advances in large language models (LLMs) for materials science, there is a lack of benchmarks for evaluating their domain-specific knowledge and complex reasoning abilities. To bridge this gap, we introduce MSQA, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jerry Junyang Cheung , Shiyao Shen , Yuchen Zhuang , Yinghao Li , Rampi Ramprasad , Chao Zhang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled near-human performance on software coding benchmarks, but their effectiveness in RTL code generation remains limited due to the scarcity of high-quality training data. While prior…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Chenhui Deng , Yun-Da Tsai , Guan-Ting Liu , Zhongzhi Yu , Haoxing Ren

We investigate the logical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and their scalability in complex non-monotonic reasoning. To this end, we introduce ZebraLogic, a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Bill Yuchen Lin , Ronan Le Bras , Kyle Richardson , Ashish Sabharwal , Radha Poovendran , Peter Clark , Yejin Choi

Recent work shows Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to understand natural language constraints for various text generation tasks in zero- and few-shot settings. While, in the code domain, there is wide usage of constraints in code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mehant Kammakomati , Sameer Pimparkhede , Srikanth Tamilselvam , Prince Kumar , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Causal reasoning (CR) is a crucial aspect of intelligence, essential for problem-solving, decision-making, and understanding the world. While language models (LMs) can generate rationales for their outputs, their ability to reliably perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Longxuan Yu , Delin Chen , Siheng Xiong , Qingyang Wu , Qingzhen Liu , Dawei Li , Zhikai Chen , Xiaoze Liu , Liangming Pan

With the rising need for speech-based interaction models, end-to-end Spoken Language Models (SLMs) have emerged as a promising solution. While these models require comprehensive world knowledge for meaningful and reliable human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Wenqian Cui , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Irwin King

In the age of artificial intelligence, the role of large language models (LLMs) is becoming increasingly central. Despite their growing prevalence, their capacity to consolidate knowledge from different training documents - a crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Gabriele Prato , Jerry Huang , Prasannna Parthasarathi , Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar

Despite strong performance on code generation tasks, it remains unclear whether large language models (LLMs) genuinely reason about code execution. Existing code reasoning benchmarks primarily evaluate final output correctness under a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jun Gao , Yun Peng , Qian Qiao , Changhai Zhou , Yuhua Zhou , Shiyang Zhang , Shichao Weng , Zhenchang Xing , Xiaoxue Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have succeeded remarkably in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, yet their reasoning capabilities remain a fundamental challenge. While LLMs exhibit impressive fluency and factual recall, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Avinash Patil , Aryan Jadon

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted across diverse domains of software engineering, such as code generation, program repair, and vulnerability detection. These applications require understanding beyond surface-level code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Danning Xie , Mingwei Zheng , Xuwei Liu , Jiannan Wang , Chengpeng Wang , Lin Tan , Xiangyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in language tasks and beyond. However, due to their limited inherent causal reasoning ability, LLMs still face challenges in handling tasks that require robust causal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Xin Li , Zhuo Cai , Shoujin Wang , Kun Yu , Fang Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in mathematical reasoning, underscoring the need for a comprehensive and fair evaluation of their capabilities. However, existing benchmarks often fall short, either lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Xin Xu , Jiaxin Zhang , Tianhao Chen , Zitong Chao , Jishan Hu , Can Yang

Inequality proving, crucial across diverse scientific and mathematical fields, tests advanced reasoning skills such as discovering tight bounds and strategic theorem application. This makes it a distinct, demanding frontier for large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Pan Lu , Jiayi Sheng , Luna Lyu , Jikai Jin , Tony Xia , Alex Gu , James Zou