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Related papers: Learning Causality for Modern Machine Learning

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The goal of Out-of-Distribution (OOD) generalization problem is to train a predictor that generalizes on all environments. Popular approaches in this field use the hypothesis that such a predictor shall be an \textit{invariant predictor}…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-29 Masanori Koyama , Shoichiro Yamaguchi

Since distribution shifts are common in real-world applications, there is a pressing need to develop prediction models that are robust against such shifts. Existing frameworks, such as empirical risk minimization or distributionally robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-25 Xinwei Shen , Peter Bühlmann , Armeen Taeb

Electronic Health Records (EHR) data analysis plays a crucial role in healthcare system quality. Because of its highly complex underlying causality and limited observable nature, causal inference on EHR is quite challenging. Deep Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Jia Li , Haoyu Yang , Xiaowei Jia , Vipin Kumar , Michael Steinbach , Gyorgy Simon

Many open problems in machine learning are intrinsically related to causality, however, the use of causal analysis in machine learning is still in its early stage. Within a general reinforcement learning setting, we consider the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Tue Herlau , Rasmus Larsen

This work considers the out-of-distribution (OOD) prediction problem where (1)~the training data are from multiple domains and (2)~the test domain is unseen in the training. DNNs fail in OOD prediction because they are prone to pick up…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Ruocheng Guo , Pengchuan Zhang , Hao Liu , Emre Kiciman

Much of our experiments are designed to uncover the cause(s) and effect(s) behind a data generating mechanism (i.e., phenomenon) we happen to be interested in. Uncovering such relationships allows us to identify the true working of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 M. Z. Naser

Recently, there has been a growing surge of interest in enabling machine learning systems to generalize well to Out-of-Distribution (OOD) data. Most efforts are devoted to advancing optimization objectives that regularize models to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Yongqiang Chen , Kaiwen Zhou , Yatao Bian , Binghui Xie , Bingzhe Wu , Yonggang Zhang , Kaili Ma , Han Yang , Peilin Zhao , Bo Han , James Cheng

We discuss recent work for causal inference and predictive robustness in a unifying way. The key idea relies on a notion of probabilistic invariance or stability: it opens up new insights for formulating causality as a certain risk…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-21 Peter Bühlmann

Many machine learning models appear to deploy effortlessly under distribution shift, and perform well on a target distribution that is considerably different from the training distribution. Yet, learning theory of distribution shift bounds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Robi Bhattacharjee , Nick Rittler , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms struggle with learning optimal policies for tasks where reward feedback is sparse and depends on a complex sequence of events in the environment. Probabilistic reward machines (PRMs) are finite-state…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jan Corazza , Hadi Partovi Aria , Daniel Neider , Zhe Xu

Machine Learning (ML) has become an integral aspect of many real-world applications. As a result, the need for responsible machine learning has emerged, focusing on aligning ML models to ethical and social values, while enhancing their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Raha Moraffah , Paras Sheth , Saketh Vishnubhatla , Huan Liu

Deep learning vulnerability detection has shown promising results in recent years. However, an important challenge that still blocks it from being very useful in practice is that the model is not robust under perturbation and it cannot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Md Mahbubur Rahman , Ira Ceka , Chengzhi Mao , Saikat Chakraborty , Baishakhi Ray , Wei Le

Artificial intelligence models and methods commonly lack causal interpretability. Despite the advancements in interpretable machine learning (IML) methods, they frequently assign importance to features which lack causal influence on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Francisco Nunes Ferreira Quialheiro Simoes , Mehdi Dastani , Thijs van Ommen

Visual representation learning is ubiquitous in various real-world applications, including visual comprehension, video understanding, multi-modal analysis, human-computer interaction, and urban computing. Due to the emergence of huge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Yang Liu , Yushen Wei , Hong Yan , Guanbin Li , Liang Lin

The application of machine learning models can be significantly impeded by the occurrence of distributional shifts, as the assumption of homogeneity between the population of training and testing samples in machine learning and statistics…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-06 Wenlu Tang , Zicheng Liu

Recent work on fairness in machine learning has focused on various statistical discrimination criteria and how they trade off. Most of these criteria are observational: They depend only on the joint distribution of predictor, protected…

We propose a new family of fairness definitions for classification problems that combine some of the best properties of both statistical and individual notions of fairness. We posit not only a distribution over individuals, but also a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth , Saeed Sharifi-Malvajerdi

A data science task can be deemed as making sense of the data or testing a hypothesis about it. The conclusions inferred from data can greatly guide us to make informative decisions. Big data has enabled us to carry out countless prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Wenhao Zhang , Ramin Ramezani , Arash Naeim

In this work, we propose a novel algorithmic framework for data sharing and coordinated exploration for the purpose of learning more data-efficient and better performing policies under a concurrent reinforcement learning (CRL) setting. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-01 Tim Tse , Isaac Chan , Zhitang Chen

One of the primary goals of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research is to develop robots that can interpret human behavior and adapt their responses accordingly. Adaptive learning models, such as continual and reinforcement learning, play a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Micol Spitale , Srikar Babu , Serhan Cakmak , Jiaee Cheong , Hatice Gunes