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As increasingly sophisticated language models emerge, their trustworthiness becomes a pivotal issue, especially in tasks such as summarization and question-answering. Ensuring their responses are contextually grounded and faithful is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Anirudh Mittal , Timo Schick , Mikel Artetxe , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as raters for evaluation tasks. However, their reliability is often limited for subjective tasks, when human judgments involve subtle reasoning beyond annotation labels. Thinking traces,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Xingjian Zhang , Tianhong Gao , Suliang Jin , Tianhao Wang , Teng Ye , Eytan Adar , Qiaozhu Mei

We present TRACE-CS, a novel hybrid system that combines symbolic reasoning with large language models (LLMs)to address contrastive queries in course scheduling problems. TRACE-CS leverages logic-based techniques to encode scheduling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Stylianos Loukas Vasileiou , William Yeoh

Causality is vital for understanding true cause-and-effect relationships between variables within predictive models, rather than relying on mere correlations, making it highly relevant in the field of Explainable AI. In an automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Arturo Fredes , Jordi Vitria

During sudden onset crisis events, the presence of spam, rumors and fake content on Twitter reduces the value of information contained on its messages (or "tweets"). A possible solution to this problem is to use machine learning to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-02 Aditi Gupta , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Carlos Castillo , Patrick Meier

Large Language Model (LLM) judges exhibit strong reasoning capabilities but are limited to textual content. This leaves current automatic Speech-to-Speech (S2S) evaluation methods reliant on opaque and expensive Audio Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Arjun Chandra , Kevin Miller , Venkatesh Ravichandran , Constantinos Papayiannis , Venkatesh Saligrama

This paper presents CleanGraph, an interactive web-based tool designed to facilitate the refinement and completion of knowledge graphs. Maintaining the reliability of knowledge graphs, which are grounded in high-quality and error-free…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Tyler Bikaun , Michael Stewart , Wei Liu

The popular success of text-based large language models (LLM) has streamlined the attention of the multimodal community to combine other modalities like vision and audio along with text to achieve similar multimodal capabilities. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Debarpan Bhattacharya , Apoorva Kulkarni , Sriram Ganapathy

Large Language Model interfaces are increasingly verbose, exposing intermediate reasoning traces alongside final answers. Traces are framed as transparency mechanisms, yet it is unclear how people use them to solve problems. We report a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Daniela Fernandes , Daniel Buschek , Lev Tankelevitch , Thomas Kosch , Robin Welsch

The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automated evaluators (LLM-as-a-judge) has revealed critical inconsistencies in current evaluation frameworks. We identify two fundamental types of inconsistencies: (1) Score-Comparison…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yidong Wang , Yunze Song , Tingyuan Zhu , Xuanwang Zhang , Zhuohao Yu , Hao Chen , Chiyu Song , Qiufeng Wang , Cunxiang Wang , Zhen Wu , Xinyu Dai , Yue Zhang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

As reasoning LLMs increasingly trade tokens for accuracy through deliberation, search, and self-correction, a single accuracy score can no longer tell whether those tokens buy useful reasoning, recovery from hard instances, or unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Daniel Kaiser , Arnoldo Frigessi , Ali Ramezani-Kebrya , Benjamin Ricaud

The rapid progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) poses potential risks such as generating unethical content. Assessing LLMs' values can help expose their misalignment, but relies on reference-free evaluators, e.g., fine-tuned LLMs or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jing Yao , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xing Xie

Universal Multimodal Retrieval requires unified embedding models capable of interpreting diverse user intents, ranging from simple keywords to complex compositional instructions. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) possess strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Xiangzhao Hao , Shijie Wang , Tianyu Yang , Tianyue Wang , Haiyun Guo , Jinqiao Wang

The increasing complexity of modern software systems has made understanding their behavior increasingly challenging, driving the need for explainability to improve transparency and user trust. Traditional documentation is often outdated or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Daniel Pöttgen , Mersedeh Sadeghi , Max Unterbusch , Andreas Vogelsang

Deploying large language models for clinical Text-to-SQL requires distinguishing two qualitatively different causes of output diversity: (i) input ambiguity that should trigger clarification, and (ii) model instability that should trigger…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Angelo Ziletti , Leonardo D'Ambrosi

Reranking, as the final stage of recommender systems, plays a crucial role in determining the final exposure, directly influencing user experience. Recently, generative reranking has gained increasing attention for formulating reranking as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qiya Yang , Xiaoxi Liang , Zeping Xiao , Ying Cao , Yingjie Deng , Yuxin Ren , Yalong Wang , Yongqi Liu

Text articles with false claims, especially news, have recently become aggravating for the Internet users. These articles are in wide circulation and readers face difficulty discerning fact from fiction. Previous work on credibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Nurendra Choudhary , Rajat Singh , Ishita Bindlish , Manish Shrivastava

Evaluating whether explanations faithfully reflect a model's reasoning remains an open problem. Existing benchmarks use single interventions without statistical testing, making it impossible to distinguish genuine faithfulness from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Abhinaba Basu , Pavan Chakraborty

Detecting non-factual content is a longstanding goal to increase the trustworthiness of large language models (LLMs) generations. Current factuality probes, trained using humanannotated labels, exhibit limited transferability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Xiaokang Zhang , Zijun Yao , Jing Zhang , Kaifeng Yun , Jifan Yu , Juanzi Li , Jie Tang

We present TransClean, a method for detecting false positive predictions of entity matching algorithms under real-world conditions characterized by large-scale, noisy, and unlabeled multi-source datasets that undergo distributional shifts.…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fernando de Meer Pardo , Branka Hadji Misheva , Martin Braschler , Kurt Stockinger