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Audio large language models (Audio LLMs) exhibit systematic failures in transcribing code-switching speech despite strong multilingual capabilities. Focusing on English-Mandarin, we identify three failure modes: language omission,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Trung Nguyen Quang , Cheng Yi Lewis Won , Minh Duc Pham , Yingxu He , Shuo Sun , Ai Ti Aw

Recently, large models have shown significant potential for smart healthcare. However, the deployment of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) for clinical services is currently hindered by three critical challenges: a tendency to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Siyong Chen , Jinbo Wen , Jiawen Kang , Tenghui Huang , Xumin Huang , Yuanjia Su , Hudan Pan , Zishao Zhong , Dusit Niyato , Shengli Xie , Dong In Kim

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) hold immense potential for complex multimodal instruction following, yet their development is often hindered by the high cost and inconsistency of human annotation required for effective fine-tuning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruirui Gao , Emily Johnson , Bowen Tan , Yanfei Qian

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), which derives reward signals directly from pairwise preference data, has shown its effectiveness on aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. Despite its widespread use across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Duanyu Feng , Bowen Qin , Chen Huang , Zheng Zhang , Wenqiang Lei

Large language models (LLMs) frequently produce \emph{detail hallucinations} when processing long regulatory documents, including subtle errors in threshold values, units, scopes, obligation levels, and conditions that preserve surface…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yang Liu , Bin Chong , Yuhan Lin , Chongyang Zhang , Hao Zheng , Ziyi Zhang , Jiayu Liang , Ran Ran , Qian Li , Kefu Xu

With the rapid development and widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs), their potential safety risks have attracted widespread attention. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been adopted to enhance the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shiji Zhao , Mengyang Wang , Shukun Xiong , Fangzhou Chen , Qihui Zhu , Shouwei Ruan , Yisong Xiao , Ranjie Duan , Xun Chen , XingXing Wei

The alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for ensuring their safety and reliability in practical applications. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as an efficient method that directly optimizes models using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jie Sun , Junkang Wu , Jiancan Wu , Zhibo Zhu , Xingyu Lu , Jun Zhou , Lintao Ma , Xiang Wang

Hallucination remains a fundamental challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). While Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a key alignment framework, existing approaches often rely heavily on costly external evaluators for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yuanshuai Li , Yuping Yan , Jirui Han , Fei Ming , Lingjuan Lv , Yaochu Jin

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) for agent tasks is critical in developing language agents. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a promising technique for this adaptation with the alleviation of compounding errors, offering a means…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Wentao Shi , Mengqi Yuan , Junkang Wu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are prone to hallucinations, generating plausible but visually ungrounded outputs, partly because direct preference optimization (DPO) overfits to superficial linguistic cues under static preference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Kejia Zhang , Keda Tao , Zhiming Luo , Chang Liu , Jiasheng Tang , Huan Wang

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a promising approach for aligning large language models with human preferences. While prior work mainly extends DPO from the aspect of the objective function, we instead improve DPO from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xun Deng , Han Zhong , Rui Ai , Fuli Feng , Zheng Wang , Xiangnan He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become pivotal in advancing natural language processing, yet their potential to perpetuate biases poses significant concerns. This paper introduces a new framework employing Direct Preference Optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Ahmed Allam

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating realistic and versatile images from text prompts. Inspired by the recent advancements of language models, there is an increasing interest in further improving the models by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Binxu Li , Minkai Xu , Jiaqi Han , Meihua Dang , Stefano Ermon

DPO (Direct Preference Optimization) has become a widely used offline preference optimization algorithm due to its simplicity and training stability. However, DPO is prone to overfitting and collapse. To address these challenges, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Rui Wang , Qianguo Sun , Chao Song , Junlong Wu , Tianrong Chen , Zhiyun Zeng , Yu Li

Multi-Objective Alignment (MOA) aims to align LLMs' responses with multiple human preference objectives, with Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) emerging as a prominent approach. However, we find that DPO-based MOA approaches suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Moxin Li , Yuantao Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Wentao Shi , Zhuo Liu , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Fairness in Continual Learning for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) is an emerging yet underexplored challenge, particularly in the presence of imbalanced data distributions that can lead to biased model updates and suboptimal performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Thanh-Dat Truong , Huu-Thien Tran , Jackson Cothren , Bhiksha Raj , Khoa Luu

Despite Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) having shown impressive capabilities, they may suffer from hallucinations. Empirically, we find that MLLMs attend disproportionately to task-irrelevant background regions compared with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Peizheng Guo , Jingyao Wang , Wenwen Qiang , Jiahuan Zhou , Changwen Zheng , Gang Hua

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a prominent algorithm for the direct and robust alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, offering a more straightforward alternative to the complex Reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Junru Lu , Jiazheng Li , Siyu An , Meng Zhao , Yulan He , Di Yin , Xing Sun

Despite the recent progress in news summarization made by large language models (LLMs), they often generate summaries that are factually inconsistent with original articles, known as "hallucinations" in text generation. Unlike previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Huawen Feng , Yan Fan , Xiong Liu , Ting-En Lin , Zekun Yao , Yuchuan Wu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Qianli Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, motivating researchers to investigate their potential use in recommendation systems. However, directly applying LLMs to recommendation tasks has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Zhuoxi Bai , Ning Wu , Fengyu Cai , Xinyi Zhu , Yun Xiong