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Delay-coordinate embedding is a powerful, time-tested mathematical framework for reconstructing the dynamics of a system from a series of scalar observations. Most of the associated theory and heuristics are overly stringent for real-world…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-05-22 Joshua Garland

Transformer models have consistently achieved remarkable results in various domains such as natural language processing and computer vision. However, despite ongoing research efforts to better understand these models, the field still lacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ilya Kaufman , Omri Azencot

Time position embeddings capture the positional information of time steps, often serving as auxiliary inputs to enhance the predictive capabilities of time series models. However, existing models exhibit limitations in capturing intricate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xiaobao Song , Hao Wang , Liwei Deng , Yuxin He , Wenming Cao , Chi-Sing Leungc

Is a deep learning model capable of understanding systems governed by certain first principle laws by only observing the system's output? Can deep learning learn the underlying physics and honor the physics when making predictions? The…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-11 Rohan Thavarajah , Xiang Zhai , Zheren Ma , David Castineira

Time series forecasting plays a vital role across scientific, industrial, and environmental domains, especially when dealing with high-dimensional and nonlinear systems. While Transformer-based models have recently achieved state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Ali Forootani , Mohammad Khosravi , Masoud Barati

Transformers have shown great power in time series forecasting due to their global-range modeling ability. However, their performance can degenerate terribly on non-stationary real-world data in which the joint distribution changes over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Yong Liu , Haixu Wu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful frameworks for generating high-quality images. While recent studies have explored their application to time series forecasting, these approaches face significant challenges in cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Weilin Ruan , Siru Zhong , Haomin Wen , Yuxuan Liang

We introduce a new version of deep state-space models (DSSMs) that combines a recurrent neural network with a state-space framework to forecast time series data. The model estimates the observed series as functions of latent variables that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-20 Haoxuan Wu , David S. Matteson , Martin T. Wells

In this paper, a self-supervised model that simultaneously predicts a sequence of future frames from video-input with a novel spatial-temporal attention (ST) network is proposed. The ST transformer network allows constraining both temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Houssem Boulahbal , Adrian Voicila , Andrew Comport

Transformers for time series forecasting mainly model time series from limited or fixed scales, making it challenging to capture different characteristics spanning various scales. We propose Pathformer, a multi-scale Transformer with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Peng Chen , Yingying Zhang , Yunyao Cheng , Yang Shu , Yihang Wang , Qingsong Wen , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo

This paper introduces a data-driven time embedding method for modeling long-range seasonal dependencies in spatiotemporal forecasting tasks. The proposed approach employs Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) to extract temporal modes directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Menglin Kong , Vincent Zhihao Zheng , Xudong Wang , Lijun Sun

While diffusion models can successfully generate data and make predictions, they are predominantly designed for static images. We propose an approach for efficiently training diffusion models for probabilistic spatiotemporal forecasting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Salva Rühling Cachay , Bo Zhao , Hailey Joren , Rose Yu

In this paper, we present an end-to-end trainable unified multiscale encoder-decoder transformer that is focused on dense prediction tasks in video. The presented Multiscale Encoder-Decoder Video Transformer (MED-VT) uses multiscale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Rezaul Karim , He Zhao , Richard P. Wildes , Mennatullah Siam

Efficiently modeling spatio-temporal (ST) physical processes and observations presents a challenging problem for the deep learning community. Many recent studies have concentrated on meticulously reconciling various advantages, leading to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hao Wu , Yuxuan Liang , Wei Xiong , Zhengyang Zhou , Wei Huang , Shilong Wang , Kun Wang

Diffusion Transformers (DiT) have emerged as a widely adopted backbone for high-fidelity image and video generation, yet their iterative denoising process incurs high computational costs. Existing training-free acceleration methods rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Hanshuai Cui , Zhiqing Tang , Qianli Ma , Zhi Yao , Weijia Jia

This research addresses the problem of adaptive modeling in time-series data streams with clear input-output relationships. This problem is challenging because rapid system changes (regime shifts) caused by environmental factors or input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ren Fujiwara , Yasuko Matsubara , Yasushi Sakurai

Real-time object detection is critical for the decision-making process for many real-world applications, such as collision avoidance and path planning in autonomous driving. This work presents an innovative real-time streaming perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Xiang Zhang , Yufei Cui , Chenchen Fu , Weiwei Wu , Zihao Wang , Yuyang Sun , Xue Liu

Incorporating the dynamics knowledge into the model is critical for achieving accurate trajectory prediction while considering the spatial and temporal characteristics of the vessel. However, existing methods rarely consider the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Huimin Qiang , Zhiyuan Guo , Shiyuan Xie , Xiaodong Peng

Motion prediction plays an important role in autonomous driving. This study presents LMFormer, a lane-aware transformer network for trajectory prediction tasks. In contrast to previous studies, our work provides a simple mechanism to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Harsh Yadav , Maximilian Schaefer , Kun Zhao , Tobias Meisen

Convolution neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers have their own advantages and both have been widely used for dense prediction in multi-task learning (MTL). Most of the current studies on MTL solely rely on CNN or Transformer. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yangyang Xu , Yibo Yang , Lefei Zhang