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End-to-End (E2E) planning has become a powerful paradigm for autonomous driving, yet current systems remain fundamentally uncertainty-blind. They assume perception outputs are fully reliable, even in ambiguous or poorly observed scenes,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wonjeong Ryu , Seungjun Yu , Seokha Moon , Hojun Choi , Junsung Park , Jinkyu Kim , Hyunjung Shim

Research interest in end-to-end autonomous driving has surged owing to its fully differentiable design integrating modular tasks, i.e. perception, prediction and planing, which enables optimization in pursuit of the ultimate goal. Despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anqing Jiang , Yu Gao , Zhigang Sun , Yiru Wang , Jijun Wang , Jinghao Chai , Qian Cao , Yuweng Heng , Hao Jiang , Yunda Dong , Zongzheng Zhang , Xianda Guo , Hao Sun , Hao Zhao

End-to-end diffusion planning has shown strong potential for autonomous driving, but the physical feasibility of generated trajectories remains insufficiently addressed. In particular, generated trajectories may exhibit local geometric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Baoyun Wang , Zhuoren Li , Ran Yu , Yu Che , Xinrui Zhang , Ming Liu , Jia Hu , Chen Lv , Bo Leng

Most recent work in autonomous driving has prioritized benchmark performance and methodological innovation over in-depth analysis of model failures, biases, and shortcut learning. This has led to incremental improvements without a deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Simon Gerstenecker , Andreas Geiger , Katrin Renz

End-to-end driving systems have recently made rapid progress, in particular on CARLA. Independent of their major contribution, they introduce changes to minor system components. Consequently, the source of improvements is unclear. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Bernhard Jaeger , Kashyap Chitta , Andreas Geiger

In this paper, we develop an uncertainty-aware decision-making and motion-planning method for an autonomous ego vehicle in forced merging scenarios, considering the motion uncertainty of surrounding vehicles. The method dynamically captures…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jian Zhou , Yulong Gao , Björn Olofsson , Erik Frisk

In recent years, end-to-end autonomous driving frameworks have been shown to not only enhance perception performance but also improve planning capabilities. However, most previous end-to-end autonomous driving frameworks have focused…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Yuanhua Shen , Jun Li

Recent advancements in vision foundation models (VFMs) have revolutionized visual perception in 2D, yet their potential for 3D scene understanding, particularly in autonomous driving applications, remains underexplored. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Lingdong Kong , Xiang Xu , Youquan Liu , Jun Cen , Runnan Chen , Wenwei Zhang , Liang Pan , Kai Chen , Ziwei Liu

Rear end collisions are deadliest in nature and cause most of traffic casualties and injuries. In the existing research, many rear end collision avoidance solutions have been proposed. However, the problem with these proposed solutions is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Faisal Riaz , Muaz A. Niazi

End-to-end autonomous driving demonstrates strong planning capabilities with large-scale data but still struggles in complex, rare scenarios due to limited commonsense. In contrast, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Bo Jiang , Shaoyu Chen , Bencheng Liao , Xingyu Zhang , Wei Yin , Qian Zhang , Chang Huang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

In the development of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous vehicles, machine learning techniques that are based on deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used for vehicle perception. These techniques offer…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Ruochen Jiao , Hengyi Liang , Takami Sato , Junjie Shen , Qi Alfred Chen , Qi Zhu

Safety remains one of the most critical challenges in autonomous driving systems. In recent years, the end-to-end driving has shown great promise in advancing vehicle autonomy in a scalable manner. However, existing approaches often face…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Zhiwei Zhang , Ruichen Yang , Ke Wu , Zijun Xu , Jingchu Liu , Lisen Mu , Zhongxue Gan , Wenchao Ding

The image-based lane detection algorithm is one of the key technologies in autonomous vehicles. Modern deep learning methods achieve high performance in lane detection, but it is still difficult to accurately detect lanes in challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Minhyeok Lee , Junhyeop Lee , Dogyoon Lee , Woojin Kim , Sangwon Hwang , Sangyoun Lee

In the field of autonomous driving, end-to-end deep learning models show great potential by learning driving decisions directly from sensor data. However, training these models requires large amounts of labeled data, which is time-consuming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Wenhao Jiang , Duo Li , Menghan Hu , Chao Ma , Ke Wang , Zhipeng Zhang

Vehicle speed prediction is crucial for intelligent transportation systems, promoting more reliable autonomous driving by accurately predicting future vehicle conditions. Due to variations in drivers' driving styles and vehicle types, speed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Yuepeng He , Pengzhan Zhou , Yijun Zhai , Fang Qu , Zhida Qin , Mingyan Li , Songtao Guo

End-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) has emerged as a promising paradigm that unifies perception, prediction, and planning into a holistic, data-driven framework. However, achieving robustness to varying camera viewpoints, a common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hoonhee Cho , Jae-Young Kang , Giwon Lee , Hyemin Yang , Heejun Park , Seokwoo Jung , Kuk-Jin Yoon

End-to-end paradigms have demonstrated great potential for autonomous driving. Additionally, most existing methods are built upon Transformer architectures. However, transformers incur a quadratic attention cost, limiting their ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jihao Huang , Xi Xia , Zhiyuan Li , Tianle Liu , Jingke Wang , Junbo Chen , Tengju Ye

End-to-end autonomous driving systems excel in common scenarios but struggle with safety-critical long-tail cases. Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are promising due to their strong reasoning capabilities. However, most VLA-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Kefei Tian , Yuansheng Lian , Kai Yang , Xiangdong Chen , Shen Li

Existing Vision-Language models (VLMs) estimate either long-term trajectory waypoints or a set of control actions as a reactive solution for closed-loop planning based on their rich scene comprehension. However, these estimations are coarse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Pranjal Paul , Anant Garg , Tushar Choudhary , Arun Kumar Singh , K. Madhava Krishna

End-to-end autonomous driving models generate future trajectories from multi-view inputs, improving system integration but introducing opaque decisions and hard-to-localize risks. Existing methods either rely on auxiliary monitoring models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Le Yang , Ruoyu Chen , Haijun Liu , Jiawei Liang , ShangQuan Sun , Xiaochun Cao
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