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Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is essential for assessing specific immune biomarkers like Human Epidermal growth-factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer. However, the traditional protocols of obtaining IHC stains are resource-intensive,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Aasim Bin Saleem , Amr Ahmed , Ardhendu Behera , Hafeezullah Amin , Iman Yi Liao , Mahmoud Khattab , Pan Jia Wern , Haslina Makmur

We propose a method that leverages graph neural networks, multi-level message passing, and unsupervised training to enable real-time prediction of realistic clothing dynamics. Whereas existing methods based on linear blend skinning must be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Artur Grigorev , Bernhard Thomaszewski , Michael J. Black , Otmar Hilliges

Hospital readmission prediction is considered an essential approach to decreasing readmission rates, which is a key factor in assessing the quality and efficacy of a healthcare system. Previous studies have extensively utilized three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yan Miao , Lequan Yu

Whole slide images (WSIs) enable weakly supervised prognostic modeling via multiple instance learning (MIL). Spatial transcriptomics (ST) preserves in situ gene expression, providing a spatial molecular context that complements morphology.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Lihe Liu , Xiaoxi Pan , Yinyin Yuan , Lulu Shang

Spatial transcriptomics allows researchers to visualize and analyze gene expression within the precise location of tissues or cells. It provides spatially resolved gene expression data but often lacks cellular resolution, necessitating cell…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-27 Jiasen Zhang , Xi Qiao , Liangliang Zhang , Weihong Guo

Foundation models in computational pathology promise to unlock the development of new clinical decision support systems and models for precision medicine. However, there is a mismatch between most clinical analysis, which is defined at the…

Here we present a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) guided conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) that generatively performs image-to-image (i2i) synthesis to generate photo-accurate protein channels in multiplexed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-08 Jillur Rahman Saurav , Mohammad Sadegh Nasr , Paul Koomey , Michael Robben , Manfred Huber , Jon Weidanz , Bríd Ryan , Eytan Ruppin , Peng Jiang , Jacob M. Luber

The inception of spatial transcriptomics has allowed improved comprehension of tissue architectures and the disentanglement of complex underlying biological, physiological, and pathological processes through their positional contexts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Junaid Ahmed , Alhassan S. Yasin

Spatial transcriptomics technologies enable the measurement of gene expression with spatial context, providing opportunities to understand how gene regulatory networks vary across tissue regions. However, existing graphical models focus…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-15 Trisha Dawn , Yang Ni

Integrating histopathology with spatial transcriptomics (ST) provides a powerful opportunity to link tissue morphology with molecular function. Yet most existing multimodal approaches rely on a small set of highly variable genes, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sejuti Majumder , Saarthak Kapse , Moinak Bhattacharya , Xuan Xu , Alisa Yurovsky , Prateek Prasanna

The location, timing, and abundance of gene expression (both mRNA and proteins) within a tissue define the molecular mechanisms of cell functions. Recent technology breakthroughs in spatial molecular profiling, including imaging-based…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-10 Qiwei Li , Minzhe Zhang , Yang Xie , Guanghua Xiao

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) profiles large numbers of cells but loses spatial context, whereas spatial transcriptomics (ST) preserves partial spatial structure at lower resolution. Most existing integration methods either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ehtesamul Azim , Muhtasim Noor Alif , Tae Hyun Hwang , Yanjie Fu , Wei Zhang

Spatial transcriptomics clustering is pivotal for identifying cell subpopulations by leveraging spatial location information. While recent graph-based methods modeling cell-cell interactions have improved clustering accuracy, they remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chenkai Guo , Yikai Zhu , Renxiang Guan , Jinli Ma , Siwei Wang , Ke Liang , Guangdun Peng , Dayu Hu

Graph-based methods are known to be successful in many machine learning and pattern classification tasks. These methods consider semi-structured data as graphs where nodes correspond to primitives (parts, interest points, segments, etc.)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Anjan Dutta , Hichem Sahbi

In digital pathology, whole slide images (WSIs) are widely used for applications such as cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Visual transformer models have recently emerged as a promising method for encoding large regions of WSIs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Shuai Jiang , Liesbeth Hondelink , Arief A. Suriawinata , Saeed Hassanpour

Computer Vision has proven to be a powerful tool for analyzing Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) data. However, current models that predict spatially resolved gene expression from histopathology images suffer from significant limitations due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paula Cárdenas , Leonardo Manrique , Daniela Vega , Daniela Ruiz , Pablo Arbeláez

"Is it possible to predict expression levels of different genes at a given spatial location in the routine histology image of a tumor section by modeling its stain absorption characteristics?" In this work, we propose a "stain-aware"…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-27 Muhammad Dawood , Kim Branson , Nasir M. Rajpoot , Fayyaz ul Amir Afsar Minhas

Interpreting hierarchical structures latent in language is a key limitation of current language models (LMs). While previous research has implicitly leveraged these hierarchies to enhance LMs, approaches for their explicit encoding are yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yuan He , Zhangdie Yuan , Jiaoyan Chen , Ian Horrocks

The progress in hyperbolic neural networks (HNNs) research is hindered by their absence of inductive bias mechanisms, which are essential for generalizing to new tasks and facilitating scalable learning over large datasets. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Nurendra Choudhary , Nikhil Rao , Chandan K. Reddy

Spatial transcriptomics enables spatial gene expression profiling, motivating computational models that capture spatially conditioned regulatory relationships. We introduce SAGE-FM, a lightweight spatial transcriptomics foundation model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Xianghao Zhan , Jingyu Xu , Yuanning Zheng , Zinaida Good , Olivier Gevaert