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Training speech recognizers with unpaired speech and text -- known as unsupervised speech recognition (UASR) -- is a crucial step toward extending ASR to low-resource languages in the long-tail distribution and enabling multimodal learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Liming Wang , Junrui Ni , Kai-Wei Chang , Saurabhchand Bhati , David Harwath , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , James R. Glass

This paper investigates the use of unsupervised text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) as a data augmentation method to improve accented speech recognition. TTS systems are trained with a small amount of accented speech training data and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Cong-Thanh Do , Shuhei Imai , Rama Doddipatla , Thomas Hain

Machine Speech Chain, simulating the human perception-production loop, proves effective in jointly improving ASR and TTS. We propose TokenChain, a fully discrete speech chain coupling semantic-token ASR with a two-stage TTS: an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Mingxuan Wang , Satoshi Nakamura

Recent work has shown that it is possible to train an $\textit{unsupervised}$ automatic speech recognition (ASR) system using only unpaired audio and text. Existing unsupervised ASR methods assume that no labeled data can be used for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-19 Tatiana Likhomanenko , Loren Lugosch , Ronan Collobert

Text to speech (TTS) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) are two dual tasks in speech processing and both achieve impressive performance thanks to the recent advance in deep learning and large amount of aligned speech and text data.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Yi Ren , Xu Tan , Tao Qin , Sheng Zhao , Zhou Zhao , Tie-Yan Liu

Recent publications on automatic-speech-recognition (ASR) have a strong focus on attention encoder-decoder (AED) architectures which tend to suffer from over-fitting in low resource scenarios. One solution to tackle this issue is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Nick Rossenbach , Mohammad Zeineldeen , Benedikt Hilmes , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

This paper proposes a new approach to perform unsupervised fine-tuning and self-training using unlabeled speech data for recurrent neural network (RNN)-Transducer (RNN-T) end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Cong-Thanh Do , Mohan Li , Rama Doddipatla

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models rely on high-quality transcribed data for effective training. Generating pseudo-labels for large unlabeled audio datasets often relies on complex pipelines that combine multiple ASR outputs through…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Jeena Prakash , Blessingh Kumar , Kadri Hacioglu , Bidisha Sharma , Sindhuja Gopalan , Malolan Chetlur , Shankar Venkatesan , Andreas Stolcke

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models have achieved remarkable accuracy in general settings, yet their performance often degrades in domain-specific applications due to data mismatch and linguistic variability. This challenge is…

Semi-supervised learning in automatic speech recognition (ASR) typically relies on pseudo-labeling, which often suffers from confirmation bias and error accumulation due to noisy supervision. To address this limitation, we propose ReHear, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zefang Liu , Chenyang Zhu , Sangwoo Cho , Shi-Xiong Zhang

In this paper, we propose a self-training approach for automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource settings. While self-training approaches have been extensively developed and evaluated for high-resource languages such as English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Satwinder Singh , Feng Hou , Ruili Wang

While automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have achieved remarkable performance with large-scale datasets, their efficacy remains inadequate in low-resource settings, encompassing dialects, accents, minority languages, and long-tail…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Guanrou Yang , Fan Yu , Ziyang Ma , Zhihao Du , Zhifu Gao , Shiliang Zhang , Xie Chen

The performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems has advanced substantially in recent years, particularly for languages for which a large amount of transcribed speech is available. Unfortunately, for low-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Martijn Bartelds , Nay San , Bradley McDonnell , Dan Jurafsky , Martijn Wieling

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a crucial tool for linguists aiming to perform a variety of language documentation tasks. However, modern ASR systems use data-hungry transformer architectures, rendering them generally unusable for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Massimo Daul , Alessio Tosolini , Claire Bowern

End-to-end models have gradually become the preferred option for automatic speech recognition (ASR) applications. During the training of end-to-end ASR, data augmentation is a quite effective technique for regularizing the neural networks.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-27 Jianwei Sun , Zhiyuan Tang , Hengxin Yin , Wei Wang , Xi Zhao , Shuaijiang Zhao , Xiaoning Lei , Wei Zou , Xiangang Li

We present a case study on developing a customized speech-to-text system for a Hungarian speaker with severe dysarthria. State-of-the-art automatic speech recognition (ASR) models struggle with zero-shot transcription of dysarthric speech,…

In this paper, we propose a novel multi-modal multi-task encoder-decoder pre-training framework (MMSpeech) for Mandarin automatic speech recognition (ASR), which employs both unlabeled speech and text data. The main difficulty in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Xiaohuan Zhou , Jiaming Wang , Zeyu Cui , Shiliang Zhang , Zhijie Yan , Jingren Zhou , Chang Zhou

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages such as Taiwanese Hokkien is difficult due to the scarcity of annotated data. However, direct fine-tuning on Han-character transcriptions often fails to capture detailed phonetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hung-Yang Sung , Chien-Chun Wang , Kuan-Tang Huang , Tien-Hong Lo , Yu-Sheng Tsao , Yung-Chang Hsu , Berlin Chen

Target-speaker automatic speech recognition (ASR) aims to transcribe the desired speech of a target speaker from multi-talker overlapped utterances. Most of the existing target-speaker ASR (TS-ASR) methods involve either training from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Hao Ma , Zhiyuan Peng , Mingjie Shao , Jing Li , Ju Liu

We propose an unsupervised adaptation framework, Self-TAught Recognizer (STAR), which leverages unlabeled data to enhance the robustness of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in diverse target domains, such as noise and accents.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yuchen Hu , Chen Chen , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Chengwei Qin , Pin-Yu Chen , Eng Siong Chng , Chao Zhang