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Large language models (LLMs) have been massively applied to many tasks, often surpassing state-of-the-art approaches. While their effectiveness in code generation has been extensively studied (e.g., AlphaCode), their potential for code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Pablo Antonio Martínez , Gregorio Bernabé , José Manuel García

In recent years, printable graphical codes have attracted a lot of attention enabling a link between the physical and digital worlds, which is of great interest for the IoT and brand protection applications. The security of printable codes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Olga Taran , Slavi Bonev , Slava Voloshynovskiy

Benchmark datasets have a significant impact on accelerating research in programming language tasks. In this paper, we introduce CodeXGLUE, a benchmark dataset to foster machine learning research for program understanding and generation.…

Code intelligence leverages machine learning techniques to extract knowledge from extensive code corpora, with the aim of developing intelligent tools to improve the quality and productivity of computer programming. Currently, there is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yao Wan , Yang He , Zhangqian Bi , Jianguo Zhang , Hongyu Zhang , Yulei Sui , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin , Philip S. Yu

The recent advancements in Transformer-based Language Models have demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the multilingual capabilities of these models. The remarkable progress made in this domain not only applies to natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Jonathan Katzy , Maliheh Izadi , Arie van Deursen

Background: Leaking sensitive information - such as API keys, tokens, and credentials - in source code remains a persistent security threat. Traditional regex and entropy-based tools often generate high false positives due to limited…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Md Nafiu Rahman , Sadif Ahmed , Zahin Wahab , S M Sohan , Rifat Shahriyar

Software Interfaces are meant to describe contracts governing interactions between logic modules. Interfaces, if well designed, significantly reduce software complexity and ease maintainability . However, as software evolves, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-02-07 Hani Abdeen , Osama Shata

In recent years, the application of large language models (LLMs) to code-related tasks has gained significant attention. However, existing evaluation benchmarks often focus on limited scenarios, such as code generation or completion, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jia Feng , Jiachen Liu , Cuiyun Gao , Chun Yong Chong , Chaozheng Wang , Shan Gao , Xin Xia

Code clones are code snippets that are identical or similar to other snippets within the same or different files. They are often created through copy-and-paste practices and modified during development and maintenance activities. Since a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Reishi Yokomori , Katsuro Inoue

Automated production systems (aPS) are highly customized systems that consist of hardware and software. Such aPS are controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC), often in accordance with the IEC 61131-3 standard that divides system…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Kamil Rosiak , Alexander Schlie , Lukas Linsbauer , Birgit Vogel-Heuser , Ina Schaefer

Automated program comprehension underpins many software engineering tasks, from code summarisation to clone detection. Recent deep learning models achieve strong results but typically rely on source code alone, overlooking contextual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Huy Nguyen , Christoph Treude , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Bad smells have been defined to describe potential problems in code, possibly pointing out refactoring opportunities. Several empirical studies have highlighted that smells have a negative impact on comprehension and maintainability.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Elder Vicente de Paulo Sobrinho , Marcelo de Almeida Maia

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in code generation. However, how to reliably evaluate code generated by LLMs remains an unresolved problem. This paper presents CodeJudge, a code evaluation framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Weixi Tong , Tianyi Zhang

Clone group mapping has a very important significance in the evolution of code clone. The topic modeling techniques were applied into code clone firstly and a new clone group mapping method was proposed. The method is very effective for not…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-02-13 Ruixia Zhang , Liping Zhang , Huan Wang , Zhuo Chen

Recent work shows Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to understand natural language constraints for various text generation tasks in zero- and few-shot settings. While, in the code domain, there is wide usage of constraints in code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mehant Kammakomati , Sameer Pimparkhede , Srikanth Tamilselvam , Prince Kumar , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Code generation large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into modern software development workflows. Recent work has shown that these models are vulnerable to backdoor and poisoning attacks that induce the generation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Shenao Yan , Shimaa Ahmed , Shan Jin , Sunpreet S. Arora , Yiwei Cai , Yizhen Wang , Yuan Hong

Competitive programming benchmarks are widely used in scenarios such as programming contests and large language model assessments. However, the growing presence of duplicate or highly similar problems raises concerns not only about…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Han Deng , Yuan Meng , Shixiang Tang , Wanli Ouyang , Xinzhu Ma

Large language models (LLMs) and transformer-based architectures are increasingly utilized for source code analysis. As software systems grow in complexity, integrating LLMs into code analysis workflows becomes essential for enhancing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hamed Jelodar , Mohammad Meymani , Roozbeh Razavi-Far

With the emergence of Machine Learning, there has been a surge in leveraging its capabilities for problem-solving across various domains. In the code clone realm, the identification of type-4 or semantic clones has emerged as a crucial yet…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ajmain Inqiad Alam , Palash Ranjan Roy , Farouq Al-omari , Chanchal Kumar Roy , Banani Roy , Kevin Schneider

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited exceptional performance in software engineering yet face challenges in adapting to continually evolving code knowledge, particularly regarding the frequent updates of third-party library APIs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Chenlong Wang , Zhaoyang Chu , Zhengxiang Cheng , Xuyi Yang , Kaiyue Qiu , Yao Wan , Zhou Zhao , Xuanhua Shi , Dongping Chen